花生收獲機畢業(yè)設(shè)計

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目錄
摘要 1
ABSTRACT 2
第一章 緒論 3
1.1  研究的目的和意義 3
1.1.1  中國花生生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀 3
1.1.2  中國花生的種植方式 4
1.1.3  花生生產(chǎn)機械化現(xiàn)狀 5
1.2  研究目標(biāo)與內(nèi)容 6
第二章 振動篩式花生收獲裝置的設(shè)計原理 7
2.1  設(shè)計依據(jù) 7
2.2  設(shè)計方案的選擇與分析 8
2.3  總體設(shè)計簡介 8
2.4  作業(yè)原理 8
第三章 主要參數(shù)確定與關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計 9
3.1 主要參數(shù)確定 9
3.1.1 花生收獲機的功率計算 9
3.1.2 挖掘鏟主要參數(shù)的確定 10
3.1.3 帶輪及帶的主要參數(shù)確定 14
3.1.4平行連桿機構(gòu)的主要參數(shù)及行走輪的設(shè)定 15
3.1.5 軸的校核 16
3.2 總體裝配 19
第四章  結(jié)語 20
參考文獻 21
致謝 22

 
摘要
花生不僅是優(yōu)質(zhì)油料作物，而且是主要的蛋白資源，加工品類多，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條長，現(xiàn)已成為中國重要的出口創(chuàng)匯產(chǎn)品和農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整重點發(fā)展和扶持的種植品種。在消費結(jié)構(gòu)和出口結(jié)構(gòu)不斷調(diào)整和優(yōu)化的雙重拉動下，花生生產(chǎn)得到長足發(fā)展，并逐漸向主產(chǎn)區(qū)相對集中，優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)帶基本形成。但是中國花生生產(chǎn)機械化發(fā)展卻嚴(yán)重滯后，特別是用工量占生產(chǎn)全過程1/3以上、作業(yè)成本占生產(chǎn)總成本50%以上的收獲作業(yè)，目前主要依靠人工完成，勞動強度大、作業(yè)成本高、效率低、損失大、成本高已成為生產(chǎn)發(fā)展與產(chǎn)業(yè)成長的主要瓶頸，國內(nèi)對花生機械化收獲技術(shù)裝備的需求日趨迫切。
設(shè)計了振動篩式花生收獲機的總體結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理、技術(shù)特點以及關(guān)鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)與工作參數(shù)設(shè)計等。該設(shè)備主要由挖掘鏟、振動篩、行走輪、動力傳動裝置及機架等組成，與11～13.2kw 拖拉機配套使用，一次完成兩行花生收獲，挖出來的花生秧被傳送到振動篩上，經(jīng)過振動篩的振動去除挖掘出的花生所帶有的泥土，最后通過輸送板實現(xiàn)花生秧一側(cè)倒伏的工作原理。該機具有作業(yè)順暢、運行可靠、清土率高、損失率低等特點，純生產(chǎn)率達 0.1 hm2/h。
關(guān)鍵詞：振動篩，收獲機，機械化，花生

Abstract
Peanut oil is not only a high-quality, and is the main protein resources, processing category, and industry chain length, has become China's important export products and focus on the development of agricultural restructuring and support the cultivation of varieties. In the consumption structure and export structure adjustment and optimization of dual-drive, the rapid development of peanut production, and gradually the relative concentration of the main producing areas, with the basic formation of competitive industries. However, peanut production mechanization in China are seriously lagging behind, especially in the whole process of production and employment accounts for 1 / 3 of the above, operating costs account for the production of more than 50% of the total cost of harvesting operations, mainly rely on manual completion of the current, labor-intensive, operating costs are high, low efficiency, loss, and the high cost of development and production has become a major bottleneck in the growth of industry, mechanization of domestic peanut harvest technology and equipment needs of the increasingly urgent.
Introduced a shaker-style peanut harvester of the overall structure, working principle and technical characteristics of the key components of the structure and design operating parameters. The device mainly by the mining shovel, vibration screen, vibration-drive components, running wheel, power transmission and chassis components, etc., and 11 ~ 13.2kw supporting the use of tractors, two lines of a complete peanut harvesting, dug out the peanut seedling was sent to the shaker, after the vibration shaker to remove excavated soil associated with the peanut, and finally through the transportation board to achieve the side of peanut seedling lodging works. It has a smooth operation, reliable operation, high rate of land clearance, and low loss ratio, net productivity of 0.1 hm2 / h.
Keywords: vibrating screen, harvesting machines, mechanization, peanuts.