摘 要

本次設(shè)計(jì)的是用于塔機(jī)回轉(zhuǎn)的軸向柱塞馬達(dá)，通過參考國內(nèi)外單排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)的研究成果，根據(jù)多排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)的原理和特點(diǎn)，利用現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法，以雙排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)為例，研究多排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)。
軸向柱塞馬達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，徑向尺寸小，轉(zhuǎn)動慣量小，轉(zhuǎn)速較高，流量大，易于變量，能夠多種方式自動調(diào)節(jié)流量，被廣泛用于航空、船舶、工程機(jī)械、起重運(yùn)輸、冶金等多種領(lǐng)域,特別是各類起重機(jī)。
在采用軸向柱塞泵和馬達(dá)的液壓系統(tǒng)中，為實(shí)現(xiàn)流量的調(diào)節(jié)通常采用節(jié)流閥或變量形式，由于其流量調(diào)節(jié)的幅度有限、調(diào)速范圍小以及變速時(shí)須改變流量而造成功率浪費(fèi)，導(dǎo)致在系統(tǒng)供油量不變的情況下無法實(shí)現(xiàn)低速大排量、恒功率變速等功能。多排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)在斜盤變量的基礎(chǔ)上，通過增加柱塞排數(shù)對系統(tǒng)二次變量，不僅拓寬了變量范圍而且能在供油量不變的情況下通過控制多排柱塞的組合有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)低速大排量和恒功率等功能。多排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)作為一個(gè)新型的結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)計(jì)較單排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)更為復(fù)雜，各個(gè)主要零部件自身的設(shè)計(jì)也存在獨(dú)立與關(guān)聯(lián)相交互。
關(guān)鍵詞：多排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)，液壓，回轉(zhuǎn)，塔機(jī)

















ABSTRACT

This time the axial pison motor which I designed is for the tower gantry crane，after aggregating domestic and overseas research results of single-ring axial piston motor, this paper combined itself differences of multi-ring axial motor, and adopted modern design method, took the multi-ring for example.
Axial pison motor has the structure urgent, small radial size, moment of inertia, higher rotate speed,big flow, easy variable displacement, and can adjust automatically displacement wirth multi-way. It’s widely used for aircraft, shipping, engineering machinery, lifting transport, metallurgy etc especially width used in tower gantry crane.
In order to realize varible folw, the hydraulic system which applied axial pison pump and motor generally depengds on.flow regulating valve and swash plate. The result of applied these two types is limited variable flow, small range of variable speed and surplus power..So it can not realize lower speed but large flow output and constant-power in speed transformation.Based on variable flow by the swash plate, multi-ring axial piston pump makes the second variable flow to the system for adding the working pison, which not only widen variable range, but also effectively realizes large flow output and constant-power in speed transformation. As a new style, the design of multi-ring piston pump is far more complicate than sigle-ring, these exists independence and relating between the design of any ome component, and also between components.
Key words： Multi-ring axial piston motor，Hydraulic，Rotary，Tower crane













目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 液壓馬達(dá)簡介 1
1.1.1液壓馬達(dá)的特點(diǎn)及分類 1
1.1.2液壓馬達(dá)的工作原理 1
1.2 多排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)簡介 3
1.2.1 工作原理 4
1.2.2 結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn) 4
1.3 雙排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá) 5
1.3.1結(jié)構(gòu)選型 5
1.3.2 結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù) 5
2總體方案設(shè)計(jì)及選型 7
2.1 回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)方案設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.2 液壓系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.3 減速器方案設(shè)計(jì) 7
3 雙排式軸向柱塞馬達(dá)設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1缸體設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1.1 馬達(dá)軸直徑計(jì)算 9
3.1.2 馬達(dá)排量要求 9
3.1.3 缸體強(qiáng)度和剛度校核 10
3.1.4 缸孔底厚計(jì)算 12
3.1.5 吸排油窗孔面積計(jì)算 12
3.2 柱塞設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2.1 柱塞方案設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2.2柱塞設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 14
3.2.3 柱塞承受PV值分析 15
3.3. 滑靴設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.3.1 滑靴方案設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.3.2 滑靴尺寸設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 18
3.4 壓盤與斜盤設(shè)計(jì) 21
3.4.1壓盤設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 21
3.4.2斜盤設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 24
3.5 中心彈簧設(shè)計(jì) 24
3.6 配流盤設(shè)計(jì) 27
3.6.1 配流盤方案設(shè)計(jì) 27
3.6.2 間隔角及減振阻尼孔的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 28
3.6.3 配流孔及內(nèi)、外密封帶的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 30
3.7 輔助支撐設(shè)計(jì) 32
3.7.1選型 32
3.7.2設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 32
4 總結(jié) 34
參考文獻(xiàn)