發(fā)泡用酚醛樹脂合成研究



摘要:

     本文對(duì)可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂合成條件及影響酚醛泡沫性能的因素進(jìn)行了研究與探討。通過對(duì)可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂合成的研究，摸索出用于發(fā)泡酚醛樹脂的最佳條件和工藝，這是本實(shí)驗(yàn)擬以解決的關(guān)鍵問題。

    在對(duì)可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂合成的研究中，討論了反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、甲醛和苯酚摩爾比對(duì)樹脂理化指標(biāo)的影響以及研究了酚醛樹脂制備工藝中條件對(duì)酚醛樹脂中游離甲醛含量的影響。

分析了樹脂粘度對(duì)泡沫體性能的影響，給出了可操作性和泡沫體綜合性能較好的酚醛樹脂指標(biāo)，實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn):發(fā)泡的酚醛樹脂的粘度需控制在涂—4杯：100—150秒。

 在確定樹脂粘度前提下，考察了發(fā)泡溫度、發(fā)泡劑、固化劑等對(duì)泡沫體性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:溫度的升高有利于發(fā)泡，溫度過高時(shí)，泡沫發(fā)生穿孔的現(xiàn)象。固化劑用量增大，泡沫起泡時(shí)間和固化時(shí)間均縮短，其用量在10--15%時(shí)，泡沫體質(zhì)量較好。發(fā)泡劑用量增大到一定的程度后，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，泡沫表觀密度變化不大。隨著尿素加入的量不斷增加，樹脂中游離甲醛含量不斷減少。

關(guān)鍵詞：可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂  粘度  酚醛泡沫  游離甲醛




 


THE STUDY ON SYNTHESIS OF FOAMING PHENOLIC

RESIN AND PROPERTIES OF PHENOLIC FOAM

          

 ABSTRACT 

    Synthetic conditions of foaming phenolic resin and factors erecting on properties of phenolic foam were studied in this work. Optimum conditions that were the key problems to be resolved were found by researching phenolic resin used in foam.

The parameters that affected indexes of foamable resin including reaction time, reaction temperature, the mole ratio of phenol and formaldehyde were studied. The influence on the preparation technology of phenilic resin has been investigated through studying the contents of free formaldehyde in phenolic resin.

The effects of viscosity on properties of foam were investigated, indexes of resin of operation available and getting good properties of foam were given: viscosity and solid content of resin should be controlled at 100 to 150s.

When viscosity of resin was determined, the effects of foaming temperature, blowing agent and acid catalyst on properties of foam were discussed, such conclusions were draw: higher foaming temperature was beneficial to getting good foam, but too higher foaming temperature led to perforation. The more acid catalyst content, rise time and tack free time of foam were shorter, but it should be controlled at 10--15%,in order to get good quality of phenolic foam. The more blowing agent content; the change of apparent density of foam was smaller. With the raised of carbamide, the contents of free formaldehyde in phenolic resin decreases constantly.




KEY WORDS: foaming phenolic resin   viscosity   phenolic foam  free formaldehyde


 


 


目錄




摘要………………………………………………………………………………………1

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………2

第一章  前言………………………………………………………………………… 5

1.1酚醛泡沫的概況………………………………………………………………………6

1.1.1酚醛泡沫的特性…………………………………………………………………6

1.1.2酚醛泡沫應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域…………………………………………………………………7

1.2酚醛泡沫國內(nèi)外進(jìn)展…………………………………………………………………8

1.2.1國外研究與市場應(yīng)用………………………………………………………………8

1.2.1.1國外研究發(fā)展……………………………………………………………………8

1.2.1.2產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用……………………………………………………………………9

1.2.1.3發(fā)展趨勢(shì)……………………………………………………………………11

1.2.2國內(nèi)的研究發(fā)展與市場現(xiàn)狀……………………………………………………12

1.2.2.1國內(nèi)研究進(jìn)展……………………………………………………………………12

1.2.2.2市場應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀……………………………………………………………………14

1.2.2.3應(yīng)用前景……………………………………………………………………14

1.3可發(fā)性酚醛合成 ……………………………………………………………………14

1.3.1可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂合成工藝圖……………………………………………………15

1.3.2可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂合成機(jī)理…………………………………………………………15

1.3.3影響可發(fā)性酚醛樹脂反應(yīng)的因素………………………………………………15

1.3.3.1原料化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響………………………………………………………16

1.3.3.2催化劑的影響……………………………………………………………………16

1.3.3.3應(yīng)溫度的影響……………………………………………………………………16

1.3.2.4樹脂儲(chǔ)存………………………………………………………………………16

1.4酚醛泡沫的制備………………………………………………………………………17

1.4.1泡沫塑料的構(gòu)造及分類…………………………………………………………17

1.4.2發(fā)泡原理…………………………………………………………17

1.4.3酚醛泡沫體原材料的選擇……..