有桿泵抽油井試井理論


摘 要
試井是油氣藏工程的組成部分，它涉及到油層物理、儲(chǔ)層物性、流體性質(zhì)、滲流理論、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、測(cè)試工藝、測(cè)試工藝和儀器儀表、設(shè)備等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，是勘探開(kāi)發(fā)油氣田的主要技術(shù)手段和基礎(chǔ)工作之一。
為了給油藏綜合治理和制定單井措施提供重要依據(jù)，各油田不斷改進(jìn)抽油井試井工藝，完善解釋方法。目前主要通過(guò)起泵測(cè)壓、環(huán)空測(cè)壓、液面監(jiān)測(cè)和隨泵測(cè)壓等方法進(jìn)行抽油井試井。起泵測(cè)壓主要用于測(cè)靜壓；環(huán)空測(cè)壓受井深、井斜的影響不能大面積推廣；液面監(jiān)測(cè)簡(jiǎn)便易行, 但折算井底壓力的精度受到泡沫段和油液界面位移的影響；隨泵測(cè)壓可準(zhǔn)確地反映井底壓力的波動(dòng)變化，能夠指導(dǎo)抽油井措施的實(shí)施。對(duì)井底壓力的折算方法進(jìn)行了探討，提出要分別確立適合各區(qū)塊的液面折算井底壓力的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式和計(jì)算方法，同時(shí)用環(huán)空實(shí)測(cè)壓力與液面恢復(fù)方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證其準(zhǔn)確性。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)踐證明，準(zhǔn)確的試井資料在油藏動(dòng)態(tài)分析和油井措施制定中發(fā)揮了重要作用。

關(guān)鍵詞：抽油井試井；折算井底壓力；分析方法
 
Abstract
Well testing is an integral part of oil and gas reservoir engineering，It involves physical reservoir、reservoir properties、fluid properties、 percolation theory、computer technology、 testing technology、test technology and instrumentation、equipment and other fields，oil and gas field exploration and development is the main technical means and one of the basic work.
In order to provide important basis for comprehensive management of reservoir and making single well measurement, National Oil field is improving testing techniques and its interpreting method of pumping well. At present, Pump well is tested mainly by such methods lifting pump pressure measuring mainly used in static pressure measuring, annulus pressure measuring which is no large extension influence by depth and deviation of well, liquid level pressure measuring which is simple and easy but having the effect of foam section and shift of oil2fluid interface on precision of calculating bottom hole pressure , follow pump pressure measuring which can reflect fluctuation change of bottom pressure and instruct implementation of pump well measures, and so on. By analysis on calculation of bottom well pressure, it concludes that, empirical formula and calculation method of calculating well bottom pressure of liquid level suitable for every block should be established and compared with methods of annulus measured pressure and liquid level recovery to validate its accuracy. Field practice p roves that, accurate testing dates play an important role in reservoir dynamic analysis and oil well measure smoking.

Key words： Pump well testing; Calculating well bottom pressure; Analysis methods
目 錄
第1章 概述 1
1.1試井分析的含義 1
1.2 試井方法的種類(lèi) 1
1.3 分別舉出各種試井法的例子 2
1.4 試井技術(shù)的特色及用途 2
1.5 試井的發(fā)展 3
1.6 試井與其它學(xué)科的聯(lián)系 3
第2章 有桿泵的分析 4
2.1 有桿泵的理論 4
2.2 抽油泵及其工作原理 4
第3章 試井解釋基本原理及方法 7
3.1 試井解釋的理論基礎(chǔ) 7
3.2 一些重要的基本概念 13
3.3 試井解釋方法 14
3.4 試井可以解決那些方面的問(wèn)題 14
第4章 抽油井試井技術(shù)及應(yīng)用 18
4.1 抽油井測(cè)試資料的數(shù)值試井分析方法 18
4.2 抽油井合理生產(chǎn)壓差計(jì)算 21
4.3 抽油井變流量試井技術(shù)應(yīng)用 27
4.4 抽油機(jī)井技術(shù)在冀東油田的應(yīng)用 30
結(jié) 論 34
參考文獻(xiàn) 35
致 謝 36