摘要
在金融危機的大背景下，企業(yè)的資本結構是否優(yōu)化關乎著企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展。由股權資本與債權資本的比例表示的資本結構，它反映的是市場經(jīng)濟條件下的金融關系，即以資本和信用紐帶，通過投資與借貸構成股東、債券人和經(jīng)營者之間相互制約的利益關系。隨著我國經(jīng)濟制度的不斷完善，許多企業(yè)已經(jīng)開始注重完善自身資本結構以求發(fā)展。資本結構的優(yōu)化，輕則影響融資，重則導致破產(chǎn)。因此，不論是分析還是優(yōu)化資本結構對企業(yè)都具有緊迫性和現(xiàn)實意義。
由于資本結構是企業(yè)財務管理和資本運營中的一個重要內(nèi)容，通過企業(yè)資本結構的研究可以提高企業(yè)籌資效益和降低籌資風險，能夠全面綜合反映企業(yè)的經(jīng)營狀況。要求企業(yè)經(jīng)營者不僅要對各種財務指標進行分析，還要考慮到納稅影響、融資環(huán)境影響、經(jīng)濟周期影響等。由于，精準的資本結構的分析，可以以期降低風險、提高效益。從企業(yè)風險管理的角度，研究企業(yè)資本結構優(yōu)化問題，對于推進我國現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度的建立和完善，保障企業(yè)更好的生存與發(fā)展，從而促進我國國民經(jīng)濟的健康、可持續(xù)發(fā)展，具有明顯現(xiàn)實意義和一定的學術價值。

關鍵詞 資本結構 債權資本 資本結構優(yōu)化

Abstract
Under the economic crisis condition, enterprise's survival and the development is not impossible to have no investment and financing, By equity capital and debt capital, said the proportion of the capital structure, It reflects a market economy under the conditions of financial relations, that is, a link to the capital and credit, investment and lending through the composition of shareholders, the bond between the operators and the constraints of a conflict of interest
Capital structure as a result of the enterprise financial management and capital operation of an important The request enterprise operators carry on the regular financial analysis, Guard finance crisis, The establishment early warning analysis target system, carries on the suitable finance venture decision. Therefore, conducts the research to the financial risk origin and the guard, reduces the risk by the time, enhances the benefit. from the perspective of enterprise risk management, research firm control of financial risks, promoting China's establishment of modern enterprise system and improve and protect enterprises better the survival and development, so as to promote China's national economy's health, sustainable development, with Obviously some of the practical and academic value.

Key words capitial structure debt captial Optimization of capital structure