室內(nèi)粉墻升降平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及運(yùn)動(dòng)分析

摘  要
自行剪叉式高空作業(yè)平臺(tái)是一種方便快捷的升降運(yùn)輸設(shè)備，其結(jié)構(gòu)形式和液壓系統(tǒng)的布置方式、控制形式以及轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)和驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)直接影響到液壓剪叉式升降平臺(tái)的工作性能和使用壽命。本文采用傳統(tǒng)力學(xué)計(jì)算方法和有限元分析方法，按照實(shí)際空間的需要設(shè)計(jì)出了結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，維修、操作方便的自行式液壓剪叉式自動(dòng)控制升降平臺(tái)。結(jié)合實(shí)際安裝的空間，液壓缸選定合適的布置方式。利用傳統(tǒng)的力學(xué)分析，對(duì)其起升機(jī)構(gòu)建立力學(xué)模型，分析計(jì)算各剪叉桿的內(nèi)力。按照強(qiáng)度理論進(jìn)行計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)和校核剪叉桿、橫梁、平臺(tái)臺(tái)面，并選擇合適的材料。
根據(jù)液壓缸驅(qū)動(dòng)剪叉機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及動(dòng)力學(xué)分析，確定了液壓缸活塞的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度與臺(tái)面升降速度的關(guān)系，分析研究平臺(tái)升降的穩(wěn)定性.并根據(jù)實(shí)際空間和實(shí)際要求，運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)力學(xué)方法對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)進(jìn)行參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)，確保整個(gè)平臺(tái)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)穩(wěn)定地自動(dòng)行走功能。
關(guān)鍵詞:剪叉臂, 運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué), matlab, 驅(qū)動(dòng)

Abstract
Self-scissors-style high-altitude platform is a convenient and quick movements of transport equipment, its form and structure of the hydraulic system layout, form and control agencies and to directly affect the drive system of hydraulic scissors-type movements and performance of the work platform Life. In this paper, using the traditional mechanical calculation methods and finite element analysis, according to the actual space needs ,designed the  self-scissors-control hydraulic lifting platform which has the characteristic of a simple structure, maintenance, easy to operate. According to the actual installation space, the hydraulic cylinders was selected a suitable arrangement. Using of traditional mechanical analysis method, set up its agencies  the mechanical model, the calculation of scissors at the internal forces. Calculated in accordance with the strength of the design and check-scissors, beams, flat surface, and select suitable material.
    According to hydraulic cylinders driven scissors bodies of kinematics and dynamics analysis to determine the movement of the hydraulic cylinder piston speed and the speed of the stage movements, analysis of the take-off and landing platform stability. And in accordance with the actual space and practical requirements, using traditional  mechanics methods to parameterly design. By these methods,it makes sure that the entire platform can meet the requirement of stabilitily and automaticly moving.
 Key Words: scissors, kinematics, matlab,drive

目錄
1 引 言 1
2剪叉式高空作業(yè)平臺(tái)的基本理論知識(shí) 1
3 設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容 2
3.1自行剪叉式高空作業(yè)平臺(tái)起升機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) 2
3.1.1 初步確定升降平臺(tái)起升機(jī)構(gòu)各構(gòu)件的材料及有關(guān)尺寸 3
3.1.2 固定液壓剪叉式升降平臺(tái)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的確定 3
3.1.3 剪叉式升降平臺(tái)起升機(jī)構(gòu)的力學(xué)模型 5
3.1.4 起升機(jī)構(gòu)各構(gòu)件的材料確定 13
3.1.5 銷軸的設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2 上平臺(tái)和剪叉臂的設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.2.1 上平臺(tái)主梁的選擇與校核 16
3.2.2、平臺(tái)臺(tái)面的設(shè)計(jì)確定： 17
3.2.3 剪叉臂的選擇與校核 18
3.2.4、校核支座的抗壓性 21
3.2.5、剪叉臂尾部拉斷條件 22
3.2.6 液壓缸支撐臂的校核 23
3.3 液壓缸驅(qū)動(dòng)剪叉式機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 24
3.4 驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 29
3.4.1  電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 29
3.4.2  確定電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速 30
3.4.4  總傳動(dòng)比計(jì)算 30
3.5V帶的選取 30
3.5.1  確定計(jì)算功率  30
3.5.2  選取普通V帶類型 30
3.5.3  確定帶輪基準(zhǔn)直徑 30
3.5.4  確定V帶的基準(zhǔn)長(zhǎng)度和傳動(dòng)中心距 31
3.5.5  驗(yàn)算主動(dòng)輪上的包角 31
3.5.7  計(jì)算預(yù)緊力  31
3.5.8  計(jì)算作用在軸上的壓軸力  32
3.5.9  帶輪結(jié)構(gòu)  小帶輪采用實(shí)心式，大帶輪采用腹板式。 32
3.6  鏈輪及傳動(dòng)鏈的設(shè)計(jì) 32
3.6.1  選擇鏈輪齒數(shù) 32
3.6.2  計(jì)算功率  32
3.6.3  確定鏈條鏈節(jié)數(shù)  32
3.6.4  確定鏈條的節(jié)距  33
3.6.5  確定鏈長(zhǎng)L及中心距 33
3.6.6  驗(yàn)算鏈速V 33
3.6.7  驗(yàn)算小鏈輪轂孔  33
3.6.8  作用在軸上的壓軸力 34
3.6.9  低速鏈傳動(dòng)的靜力強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 34
3.7 支承輪子的車軸和軸承設(shè)計(jì) 34
3.7.1. 軸上功率 34
3.7.2.初步確定軸的最小直徑 34
3.8.軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 34
3.8.1 車子受力分析 36
3.8.2按彎扭合成校核軸的強(qiáng)度 38
3.8.3 軸承的選用 38
3.9 鍵的校核 39
3.10轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的初步設(shè)計(jì) 39
3.10.1 梯形結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 39
3.10.2 前軸設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 40
3.10.3 車輪轉(zhuǎn)向阻力矩計(jì)算: 43
3.11 確定液壓系統(tǒng)的主要參數(shù) 43
3.11.1 初選系統(tǒng)工作壓力 43
3.11.2、計(jì)算起升和轉(zhuǎn)向液壓缸的主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸 44
3.11.3 制定基本方案和繪制液壓系統(tǒng)圖 48
3.11.4、液壓元件的選擇 50
3.11.5 液壓泵的選擇 51
3.11.6 液壓閥的選擇 52
3.11.7 油管尺寸和油箱容積的計(jì)算 53
3.11.8 油箱的有效容量 53
3.11.9、液壓系統(tǒng)性能驗(yàn)算 54
3.11.10 液壓系統(tǒng)的沖擊壓力 56
總  結(jié) 59
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)： 60
致 謝 62