基于PWM整流的開(kāi)關(guān)電源研究

摘 要

隨著開(kāi)關(guān)電源技術(shù)在計(jì)算機(jī)、電器等設(shè)備中的廣泛應(yīng)用，開(kāi)關(guān)電源技術(shù)逐漸走向成熟。但開(kāi)關(guān)電源多采用在二極管整流橋后加功率因數(shù)校正電路，它改變了二極管整流橋功率因數(shù)低的缺陷。同時(shí)在二極管整流橋前用簡(jiǎn)單濾波電路抑制諧波造成諧波抑制不徹底。
本文提出的基于PWM整流開(kāi)關(guān)電源可以滿足開(kāi)關(guān)電源對(duì)諧波抑制和高功率因數(shù)的要求，解決開(kāi)關(guān)電源的整體功率因數(shù)低和網(wǎng)側(cè)輸入電流不連續(xù)等難題。
本文首先分析開(kāi)關(guān)電源的斬波電路的工作原理，其后分析PWM 整流工作原理。通過(guò)對(duì)比瞬態(tài)電流控制、預(yù)測(cè)電流控制兩種電流控制策略闡述PWM整流器的電流控制技術(shù)。從理論上驗(yàn)證PWM整流在抑制諧波和提高功率因數(shù)方面的可行性。文章采用單位功率因數(shù)PWM整流器和斬波電路組成開(kāi)關(guān)電源主體，建立以PWM整流電路為輸入電路的開(kāi)關(guān)電源。
本文基于Matlab/Simulink仿真平臺(tái)，分別建立二極管整流電路和單位功率因數(shù)可控整流器電路的仿真模型。通過(guò)對(duì)網(wǎng)側(cè)輸入電流和整流輸出電流的仿真結(jié)果的對(duì)比，分析得出PWM整流器電路在抑制諧波和提高功率因數(shù)方面優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的二極管整流電路。從而驗(yàn)證基于PWM整流器的開(kāi)關(guān)電源有抑制諧波和提高功率因數(shù)方面的優(yōu)越性。

關(guān)鍵詞：PWM整流器  開(kāi)關(guān)電源  仿真
ABSTRACT
With the widely use of the technology of switch power in computer and electronic appliance,the technology of switch power become more and more practical.But the switch power often used rectifier bridge of the diode to correct the circuit with power factor.It has changed the shortcomings of the low power factor of the diode rectifier bridge.And at the same time,before the process of diode rectifier bridge,a simple filter circuit is used to prevent the harmonic wave.This result in the incompletement of the prevention.
In this thesis,a new kind of switch power which is based on the PWM rectifier will be introduced.It can meet needs of preventing the harmonic wave and expecting high power factor.It can also solve the problem of low level in the whole power and discontinuousness in the input corrent by network side.
At firsh,in this thesis the working principles of the chooper in the switch power will be analysised.Then,the working principles of the PWM will be summarized.By the comparison between the cantrol of the transient current and the expectation of the cantrol of current,the technology of the current control of PWM.there will be a test on the feasibility of the PWM in preventing harmonic wave and increasing the power factor.In this thesis,the PWM rectifier power body consited of unity power factor and chopper will be opplied to creat q switch power based on the PWM rectifier.
This thesis based on the simulation platform of Matlab/Simulink,to set up simulation models of diode rectifier circuit and unity power factor.By the comparison between the simulation result of network side input current and rectifier output curent,we draw the conclusion that PWM is superior to the troditional diode rectifier power in preventing the harmonic wave and increasing the power factor.Thefore,the superiority of the PWM switch power in preventing harmonic wave and increasing power factor is testified.

目  錄

第一章 緒論 1
1.1開(kāi)關(guān)電源的現(xiàn)狀 1
1.1.1開(kāi)關(guān)電源的概述 1
1.1.2開(kāi)關(guān)電源的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 1
1.2 PWM整流的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 3
1.2.1 PWM整流的概述 3
1.2.2 PWM整流的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 4
1.3 本文的主要工作 4
第二章 PWM開(kāi)關(guān)電源的原理 5
2.1 PWM開(kāi)關(guān)電源的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 5
2.2 變換器原理 6
2.2.1 斬波原理 6
2.2.2 控制方式 7
2.3 PWM整流器的原理和控制策略 8
2.3.1 PWM整流器原理 8
2.3.2 PWM整流電流控制技術(shù) 11
2.3.3 PWM調(diào)制技術(shù) 12
第三章 基于PWM整流技術(shù)的開(kāi)關(guān)電源的設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.1 基于PWM整流的開(kāi)關(guān)電源的基本組成 14
3.2 PWM開(kāi)關(guān)電源核心模塊的設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.2.1輸入整流電路的設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.2.2變換器設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.2.3 PWM整流控制電路的設(shè)計(jì) 18
3.2.4變換器部分的PWM信號(hào)產(chǎn)生方法 20
第四章 PWM開(kāi)關(guān)電源的仿真分析 21
4.1 二極管整流仿真分析 21
4.2 PWM整流仿真分析 23
4.3 PWM整流的開(kāi)關(guān)電源的仿真 25
第五章 總結(jié)與展望 27
致  謝 29
參考文獻(xiàn) 28