壓輪壓鑄件模具設(shè)計

機械設(shè)計專業(yè)相關(guān)的畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文，里面有詳細的CAD圖紙，ppt，說明書，外文翻譯。

目錄

目錄 ……..…………..………………………..………….……………………….....Ⅰ
設(shè)計總說明…….……………………………………………………….…………….1
DESIGN OF THE DIE-CASTING DIE FOR PRESSURE WHEEL…………………2
1.前言……..…………..………………………..………….………………………....4
1.1 選題的依據(jù)及意義 7
1.2國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢 7
    1.2.1國外研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢...........................................................................7
    1.2.2國內(nèi)壓鑄業(yè)的發(fā)展特點...............................................................................7
1.3主要研究內(nèi)容及可行性分析 8
    1.3.1主要研究內(nèi)容...............................................................................................8
    1.3.2可行性分析...................................................................................................8
    1.3.3設(shè)計方案.......................................................................................................9
    1.3.4關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難點...............................................................................................9
2.鑄件的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性分析 9
  2.1壁厚......................................................................................................................9
  2.2鑄孔......................................................................................................................9
  2.3鑄造圓角..............................................................................................................9
  2.4拔模斜度............................................................................................................10
3.分型面的選擇...........................................................................................................10
3.1在確定分型面的選擇必須考慮的主要因素有：............................................10
3.2 分型面的類型...................................................................................................10
3.3 分型面的確定...................................................................................................10
4.壓鑄機的選擇...........................................................................................................11
4.1計算壓鑄機所需的鎖模力................................................................................11
    4.1.1計算脹型力.................................................................................................11
    4 .1.2計算分脹型力............................................................................................12
4.2壓室容量的校核................................................................................................12
5.澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計.......................................................................................................13
5.1內(nèi)澆口的設(shè)計.....................................................................................................14
5.2橫澆道的設(shè)計....................................................................................................14
5.3直澆道的設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………14
6．排溢系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計....................................................................................................15
6.1溢流槽的設(shè)計....................................................................................................15
    6.1.1溢流槽的結(jié)構(gòu)形式.....................................................................................15
    6.1.2溢流槽的布置位置.....................................................................................15
    6.1.3溢流槽的尺寸.............................................................................................15
6.2排氣槽的設(shè)計 16
    6.2.1排氣槽設(shè)計的注意事項.............................................................................17    6.2.2排氣方法.............................................................................................................17
    6.2.3排氣槽尺寸.................................................................................................17
7.模架與成型零件的設(shè)計 18
7.1模架的設(shè)計 18
7.2加熱系統(tǒng)和冷卻系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 18
7.3成型零部件的設(shè)計 18
    7.3.1成型零件的結(jié)構(gòu).........................................................................................19
    7.3.2成型零件的固定形式.................................................................................19
    7.3.3成型零件的止轉(zhuǎn)方式.................................................................................19
7.4成型零件尺寸計算 19
    7.4.1型腔尺寸.....................................................................................................19
    7.4.2型芯尺寸.....................................................................................................20
8.抽心機構(gòu)的設(shè)計 21
8.1抽心部位的選擇 21
8.2抽芯力和抽芯距離的確定 21
    8.2.1抽芯力的確定.............................................................................................21
    8.2.2抽芯距離的確定.........................................................................................21
8.3斜銷尺寸的計算與確定 22
    8.3.1斜銷斜角的選擇.........................................................................................22
    8.3.2斜銷直徑的估算.........................................................................................22
    8.3.3斜銷長度的確定.........................................................................................22
8.4滑塊的設(shè)計 23
    8.4.1滑塊的主要尺寸的確定.............................................................................23
    8.4.2滑塊限位裝置的設(shè)計.................................................................................23
    8.4.3契緊塊的設(shè)計.............................................................................................23
9.推出與復(fù)位機構(gòu)的設(shè)計 24
9.1 推桿推出機構(gòu)的設(shè)計 24
    9.1.1推出部位的選擇.........................................................................................24
    9.1.2推桿推出端形狀.........................................................................................24
    9.1.3推桿推出截面形狀.....................................................................................24
    9.1.4推出尾部形寸及固定方法.........................................................................24
    9.1.5推桿的尺寸和配合.....................................................................................25
    9.1.6頂桿配合.....................................................................................................25
9.2 復(fù)位機構(gòu)設(shè)計 25
10.開合模距離的校核 26
10. 1模具厚度核算 26
10.2動模座板行程核算 26
小結(jié) 27
致謝 28
參考文獻 29

設(shè)計總說明
[摘要]壓鑄是制造業(yè)的一種工藝，能夠成型復(fù)雜的高精度的金屬制品，多用于汽車制造，機械制造等。本課題是對鋁殼體進行模具設(shè)計并分析加工工藝。
壓鑄技術(shù)是在普通鑄造技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的一種先進工藝，已有很長的發(fā)展歷史。壓力鑄造是將熔融合金在高壓高速條件下充型，并在高壓下冷卻凝固成形的精密鑄造方法，簡稱壓鑄。在壓鑄生產(chǎn)中，壓鑄合金、壓鑄模和壓鑄機是最基本的三大要素，而壓鑄生產(chǎn)就是將此三大要素加以結(jié)合、調(diào)整和正確實施的過程。和普通鑄件相比，壓鑄件內(nèi)部組織致密，力學(xué)性能優(yōu)良，尺寸精度高，表面質(zhì)量好。特別是鑲鑄法的應(yīng)用，既節(jié)省了原材料，又減少了加工和裝配工時。
因為模具結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，制作周期長，投入成本高，只有在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展到一定程度，產(chǎn)品占領(lǐng)了較大市場形成大批量生產(chǎn)的條件下，模具的優(yōu)勢才能得到充分的發(fā)揮，模具在生產(chǎn)中所占比重，在某種意義上代表了這個國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平，是工業(yè)發(fā)達程度標志之一。
由于各類模具大量使用，加上其他一些原因，國外轎車成本要比國產(chǎn)轎車成本低許多倍，而且質(zhì)量好，維修方便。
為了更好的發(fā)展模具事業(yè)，滿足經(jīng)濟建設(shè)的需要還需做一些其他方面的探索。
模具的計算機輔助設(shè)計（CAD）和計算機輔助制造（CAM）。應(yīng)用CAD/CAM技術(shù)，是在計算機內(nèi)存儲綜合化的各種專業(yè)知識，進行人機聯(lián)系，充分利用設(shè)計人員的實踐經(jīng)驗，實現(xiàn)優(yōu)化設(shè)計和模具加工的自動化控制。
發(fā)展高效率、高精度、高壽命的三高模具。電子工業(yè)和汽車制造業(yè)的發(fā)展，促進了生產(chǎn)方式的改革，涌現(xiàn)出大批自動生產(chǎn)流水線，這樣多工位、多模腔、多功能的自動模具的精密模具得到了發(fā)展。
本模具考慮到年產(chǎn)量、工廠的設(shè)備及鑄件的精度要求，選擇一模一腔結(jié)構(gòu)。以制品的最大端面為分型面,使制品順利脫模。制品上還有側(cè)凹，須進行側(cè)向抽芯。為了使動、定模能夠準確地動作, 導(dǎo)向定位機構(gòu)利用導(dǎo)柱與導(dǎo)套的配合。頂出機構(gòu)是推桿推出的一次脫出機構(gòu)。具體如下：
（1）分型面的選擇：根據(jù)壓輪的零件結(jié)構(gòu)，綜合考慮抽芯及澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)定，主分型面在零件的最大端面上，其次還采用了一個二次分型結(jié)構(gòu)。
（2）澆注系統(tǒng)的確定，由于壓輪在 109mm及 101mm圓柱側(cè)面上， 101mm圓柱側(cè)面凹下，必須設(shè)計滑塊預(yù)先抽開，零件才能頂出，所以零件周圍側(cè)面不能設(shè)計澆注系統(tǒng)，為使合金的流程較短流向順暢，便于排氣，因此采用中心澆口，直澆道選用 50H9澆口套，內(nèi)澆口尺寸為外圓 16mm內(nèi)圓 9mm的環(huán)形.
（3）壓鑄機的選用，壓輪壓鑄件的材料為鋁合金，選用常用的臥室冷室壓鑄機。根據(jù)壓鑄件分型面的投影面積計算和生產(chǎn)實際情況，選用J1125D型壓鑄機生產(chǎn)。
（4）壓鑄模具的總裝圖設(shè)計，由于壓輪在圓柱側(cè)面上有 101mm圓柱側(cè)面凹下，必須設(shè)計滑塊預(yù)先抽開，零件才能頂出，因此模具設(shè)計時通過綜合考慮，采用中心澆口，一模只能排列一件。
（5）壓鑄模具的零件圖，澆口套的設(shè)計看零件圖，由于直澆口套與橫澆口道均在澆口套上做出，所以外形為長方形，橫澆道上有15°的倒鉤和中部5mm縮頸，其作用是在輔助分型面開合時拉住橫澆道，以便使橫澆道與內(nèi)澆道拉斷。抽芯部分滑塊的設(shè)計，考慮到滑塊的強度，采用了整體結(jié)構(gòu)。
此外還采用AutoCad來實現(xiàn)壓輪模具成型零件的設(shè)計，分析制件的成型質(zhì)量和完成分型面的設(shè)計，并在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計及模具裝配過程中，輔助以必要的理論計算，將數(shù)字化設(shè)計與理論計算結(jié)合起來，可以大大縮短產(chǎn)品研發(fā)周期、模具設(shè)計周期，提高產(chǎn)品設(shè)計及模具設(shè)計的準確性、產(chǎn)品成型質(zhì)量，降低產(chǎn)品研發(fā)、模具設(shè)計成本。在設(shè)計過程中制定了合理的工藝方案，滿足了大批量生產(chǎn)要求。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 壓鑄模具；加工工藝；設(shè)計軟件

DESIGN OF THE DIE-CASTING DIE FOR PRESSURE WHEEL

Abstract
Die-casting is a manufacturing process,it can mold the complex and high accurate metal product ,used in automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing and so on. The subject is about the design of oil pump Aluminum shell mold and process analysis.
ˎ̥ die-casting technology is in ordinary casting technology developed on the basis of a kind of advanced technology, has a long history. Pressure casting is will melt in high-pressure high-speed conditions alloy, and during the filling in high-pressure cooling coagulation precision casting method, the abbreviation die casting. In die casting production, die-casting alloy, die-casting die and die-casting machine is the most basic three essential factors, and die casting production is three elements to the combination, adjustment and correct implementation process. Compared with ordinary castings, die casting internal compact structure, mechanical properties of high precision, good surface, size of good quality. Especially with the application of casting, which saves the raw materials, and reduce the processing and assembly work hours.
     Because the mould structure is complex, production cycle is long, high cost in economic development, only to a certain degree, the product occupied a large market form of mass production conditions, mould advantage to get sufficient play, mould proportion in production, in some sense represents the national economic development level, is one of the symbols of developed industrial level.
Due to the extensive use of mould, plus other reasons, foreign cars cost than low cost many times homemade cars, and good quality, easy maintenance.
In order to better satisfy the development of economic construction, mould cause the necessary to do some other aspect of exploration.
      Mould computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM). Application of CAD/CAM technology, is in computer store integration of all kinds of specialized knowledge, for the man-machine contact, make full use of design personnel of experience, realize optimization design and mould processing of automation control.
       Development of high efficiency, high precision, high life tenors mold. Electronic industry and automobile industry development, promote the reform of production mode, emerged in large quantities of automatic production line, so much more than Labour, cavity, multi-function automatic mould precision mould obtained the development.

    Considering the annual output, the equipmen of the factory and the requirement of precision of the plastic product,one cavities in a mould. Thelargest surface of the goods was choosed as the parting line to make goods by demold successfully. The products have lateral bore,so it need lateral core pulling. Suspension and Positioning mechanism use matched guide pillar and guide sleeve to make movable mould, fixed mould to work accurately. The knockouts uses once ejecting mechanism that lifter pushes out.
(1) classification based on pressure round the choice: parts structure, comprehensive consideration of the core-pulling and gating system setup, Lord parting surface on the most big endian in parts, secondly also adopted a secondary classification structure.
(2) determination of gating system, because the press pulley 109mm and % 101mm at % cylindrical side 101mm cylindrical flank, %, must design the concave slider smoke open, parts can advance the out side, so parts can't devise gating system around, to make the process is relatively short flow alloy is smooth, easy to exhaust, therefore adopt center runner, straight sprue gate sets 50H9 selection %, ingate dimension of external circular % 16mm 9mm semi-atuo % of the ring.
(3) the selection of casting, pressure wheel die casting aluminum alloy, chooses the material used for the bedroom cold room casting. According to the die-casting parting is umbriferous area computation and actual production condition, choose J1125D type casting production.
(4) die-casting molds assembly graphic design, because the cylinder pressure wheel have % 101mm cylinder profile, must design side concave slider smoke open, parts can advance the out, so when considering mould design, the center through gate, exactly one thing only arrangement.
(5) of the die-casting molds, sprue detail drawings of design see parts graph, because of the sprue gate way with all made in runner set for rectangular shape, so the faith, 15 ° pour the barb and central 5mm shrinkage, its role in the neck is auxiliary parting surface when pull open the runner, so that horizontal runner and internal sprue snap. Core-pulling part slide block design, considering the slider's strength, the whole structure.
With AutoCad to implement Pressure die-casting wheel design of the telephone receiver, and shaping quality of part was analyzed and the parting line was designed by Pro/Engineer, then with the assistance of essential theory calculate mixed with figure design. It would not only shorten the cycle of product research and mold design, and improve the preciseness and the product shaping quality, but also lower the cost of the research. Having made the rational craft scheme in the design process ,so it has met the requirement of producing in enormous quantities.
[Keywords] Die casting ；Process analysis；Design software