集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備的結構設計

摘　　要
隨著世界物流業(yè)的高速發(fā)展，集裝箱越來越受到物流行業(yè)的重視，成為了各國必不可少的物流設備之一。然而集裝箱體積龐大，質量過重，要起升或搬運集裝箱都必須有專業(yè)大型設備來支持。但是對于一些特殊場合（如機艙、船艙等），由于空間等因素的受限，致使集裝箱搬運進入機艙成為一大難題。除此之外，集裝箱運輸同時又是一種資本高度密集的行業(yè)。專用的集裝箱泊位碼頭設施包括有前沿、貨場、維修車間、控制塔、貨運站、門房，以及集裝箱裝卸機械等，耗資非常巨大[1]。這成為集裝箱起升及搬運的又一大難題。
小型的集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備因體積小，行動靈活方便，設計、制造以及維護成本較低，可以大大方便集裝箱在特殊場合的起升及搬運，大大減小某些時候的集裝箱運輸成本，所以，小型集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備的設計，是解決當今集裝箱運輸存在的某些問題的有效途徑之一。
本文簡要介紹了各類集裝箱用起升及搬運設備的結構和特點以及集裝箱運輸業(yè)的發(fā)展概況，并對集裝箱用起升及搬運設備的設計要點進行了簡要說明。本文以某小型集裝箱用起升及搬運設備為研究對象，重點介紹了該設備的結構特點以及運作原理。
該設備的結構主要包括連接機構、驅動機構以及行走機構。通過對這些機構的設計校核該，可以得出一套結構緊湊，經濟適用的集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備，以有效解決集裝箱運輸不便和成本高等某些難題。

 
Structure design of transport and jack up unit for container
Abstract
With the high-speed development of the logistics industry, container more and more get the attention of the logistics industry, become an indispensable logistic equipment of one of all countries. However, container is very huge and heavy, to lifting or handling containers must be professional large equipment to support. But for some special cases (Such as the cabin), Because of the space of the factors such as limited, the container handling into the engine room be a big problem. In addition to this, container transportation is a capital intensive industry at the same time. Dedicated container facilities include goods yard, maintenance shop, freight station, container loading and unloading equipment and so on, cost tremendous. It makes container lifting and handling become a big problem, too.
Because of the small size of the small container lifting and with handling equipment, and it is convenient movement, design, manufacturing and maintenance cost is low, Can greatly facilitate container on special occasions of hoisting and handling, reduce some of the container transportation cost when, so with small container logistics lifting and handling equipment design, absolution to today's container transportation to some of the problems that exist one of the effective ways.
This paper briefly introduced the use of all kinds of container lifting and handling equipment structure and characteristics and the development situation of the container transportation industry, and with the lifting of container handling equipment and the main points of design is also expounded. In this paper with a small container lifting and handling equipment for research object, the equipment is mainly introduced the structure characteristic and operation principle.
This equipment mainly includes: bindiny mechanism, driving mechanism and travelling mechanism. Through the design of the mechanism to check this, can come to a compact structure, economy applicable container lifting with logistics and transportation equipment, in order to solve problems container transportation cost and inconvenience caused higher some.
 
目　　錄
摘　　要 1
Abstract 2
引    言 1
1緒論 2
1.1集裝箱起升及搬運設備設計背景 2
1.2大型集裝箱搬運設備裝卸常見事故 2
1.2.1貨物重心偏離，箱體向叉車一側傾倒 2
1.2.2箱內貨物重心偏離，箱體從吊上墜落 3
1.2.3集裝箱從龍門吊上墜落，造成貨損 3
1.2.4吊車臂撞擊橋梁車毀橋損 3
1.3集裝箱搬運設備發(fā)展概況 3
1.3.1國外集裝箱搬運設備發(fā)展概況 3
1.3.2國內集裝箱搬運設備發(fā)展概況 5
1.4常見的集裝箱起升與搬運設備 6
1.4.1岸邊集裝箱起重機（簡稱岸橋或橋吊） 6
1.4.2集裝箱龍門起重機（簡稱場橋） 6
1.4.3集裝箱跨運車 8
1.4.4集裝箱叉車 8
1.4.5集裝箱牽引車 9
章末小結 10
2集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備的整體方案設計 11
2.1整體設計 11
2.2集裝箱用起升及搬運設備的工作原理 11
2.3設備驅動方案選擇 12
2.3.1方案一  使用液壓桿帶動設備起升或下降 12
2.3.2方案二  使用絲杠副帶動設備起升或下降 13
2.4設備升降方案設計 13
2.5設備行走方案設計 15
2.6設備連接方案設計 16
本章小結 18
3 集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備零部件校核 19
3.1連接機構數(shù)據(jù)校核 20
3.1.1連接機構銷的選擇 20
3.1.2鎖片數(shù)據(jù)設計 22
3.1.3與立柱連接的套筒數(shù)據(jù)設計 23
3.1.4連接機構上部夾板結構數(shù)據(jù)設計 25
3.1.5連接機構其他結構數(shù)據(jù)設計 26
3.2驅動機構數(shù)據(jù)校核 26
3.2.1立柱數(shù)據(jù)校核 27
3.2.2絲杠設計數(shù)據(jù)校核 30
3.2.3四邊形框架數(shù)據(jù)校核 33
3.2.4立板數(shù)據(jù)校核 36
3.3行走機構數(shù)據(jù)校核 38
3.3.1萬向輪結構設計及數(shù)據(jù)校核 38
3.3.2軸承選擇及校核 40
章末小結 42
4 集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備內部連接部分數(shù)據(jù)設計校核 43
4.1立柱與搖桿連接設計數(shù)據(jù)校核 43
4.2滾珠絲杠與立柱連接設計數(shù)據(jù)校核 44
4.3滾珠絲杠與立板連接設計數(shù)據(jù)校核 45
4.4立板與腳輪連接設計數(shù)據(jù)校核 46
章末小結 47
5 集裝箱用物流起升及搬運設備的安裝、維護與運行 48
結　　論 49
參 考 文 獻 50
附 錄 52
附錄一： 52
附錄二： 59
在 學 取 得 成 果 63
致　　謝 64