論實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)村民自治的途徑

摘    要

隨著中國(guó)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革不斷深入，農(nóng)村政治民主化進(jìn)程悄然起步。自80年代起，國(guó)家廢除人民公社制度，在農(nóng)村全面推行村民自治，其核心在于重構(gòu)農(nóng)村社區(qū)公共權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)，改變?nèi)嗣窆珞w制下農(nóng)村社區(qū)公共權(quán)力由國(guó)家基層政權(quán)壟斷的狀況，引入以村委會(huì)為代表的村民自治權(quán)，使農(nóng)村社區(qū)的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)由國(guó)家基層政權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榇迕褡灾螜?quán)。
然而，預(yù)期的績(jī)效并沒有出現(xiàn)，村民自治制度從“紙”上走入農(nóng)村社會(huì)的效果差強(qiáng)人意已是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí)。本文通過(guò)對(duì)影響村民自治的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、民主建設(shè)以及權(quán)力架構(gòu)的三個(gè)因素的分析，指出了村級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平較低；村民自治意識(shí)淡??；村民自治與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政權(quán)存在沖突；農(nóng)村社會(huì)法治環(huán)境不盡人意對(duì)村民自治發(fā)展的影響，闡述實(shí)現(xiàn)村民自治的四個(gè)基本途徑：大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)，為村民自治提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)；實(shí)現(xiàn)村民自治與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政權(quán)的良性互動(dòng)；實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民向理性化、成熟化自治主體轉(zhuǎn)型的具體路徑；完善法律制度體系，營(yíng)造良好的社會(huì)法治環(huán)境。

關(guān)鍵詞  村民自治，鄉(xiāng)村關(guān)系，解決途徑

ABSTRACT

Rural economic restructuring is unceasingly thorough, the rural area politics democratization course breaks the ice quietly with China. Starting from the eighties, the country abolishes people's commune system, before rural area carry out self-governance among villagers all round, whose core lies in important structure common rural area community power structure , the situation changing common authority of people's commune system time of rural area community monopolizing by country political power at the grassroots level, leads into the villager autonomy taking that the village shifts a meeting as representative , makes rural area community power structure change into villager autonomy by country political power at the grassroots level.
But, the expected achievement effect does not appear; the effect walking on secondary "paper" of the system of self-government of villagers becoming a member of rural area society is fair fact already being not to argue. Economic development level , democracy the main body of a book is passed to affecting self-governance among villagers have built and three the factor analysis of authority frame, has pointed out village level economic development level comparatively low; Self-governance among villagers consciousness is light; Self-governance among villagers and villages and towns there exist conflict in regime; Rural area society rules an environment by law leaving much to be desired to the effect that self-governance among villagers develops , sets forth fundamental four approach realizing self-governance among villagers: Make the development of the rural economy energetically , provide the solid material base to self-governance among villagers; The benign realizing self-governance among villagers and the villages and towns regime is interactive; Concrete route realizing a peasant transforming to reason-relation , mature-relation autonomous rule subject; Environment perfecting legal system, building fine society rule by law.

Keywords  Villager’s self-governance，Country relation，Resolve approach
 

目   錄

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II

論文提綱 1
一、村民自治的歷史發(fā)展及其權(quán)力基礎(chǔ) 2
（一）我國(guó)農(nóng)村社會(huì)控制方式的歷史演變 2
（二）村民自治的必要性 3
（三）村民自治的權(quán)力基礎(chǔ) 5
二、我國(guó)村民自治的現(xiàn)狀及其問(wèn)題 6
（一) 村級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平較低制約村民自治發(fā)展 6
（二）村民自治同鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政權(quán)存在沖突 6
（三）現(xiàn)行村民自治中農(nóng)民的民主自治主體意識(shí)不成熟 8
（四）農(nóng)村社會(huì)的法治環(huán)境不盡人意 8
三、實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)村民自治的途徑 10
（一）大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)，為村民自治提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ) 10
（二）實(shí)現(xiàn)村民自治與鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政權(quán)的良性互動(dòng) 11
（三）實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民向理性化、成熟化自治主體轉(zhuǎn)型的具體路徑 12
（四）完善法律制度體系，營(yíng)造良好的社會(huì)法治環(huán)境 13
結(jié)論 14
參考文獻(xiàn) 15