用DSP實現(xiàn)弱信號的簡單頻譜分析

全文35頁 約13000字 論述翔實

摘　　要

DSP是一種專門用于數(shù)字信號處理的微處理器，在科學(xué)技術(shù)界具有極其重要的作用。本文是利用DSP實現(xiàn)弱信號的簡單頻譜分析，其中介紹了DSP的基本知識：DSP的定義，特點，應(yīng)用及DSP的快速傅立葉實現(xiàn)。還介紹了TMS320C54x的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)，A/D放大器，復(fù)雜可編程邏輯器件，鍵盤接口單元及調(diào)理電路。本論文的方案是將弱小信號（如神經(jīng)信號）送入放大器進行放大，然后進行A/D轉(zhuǎn)換，經(jīng)過可編程邏輯器件的編址，尋址，最后送給DSP，完成小信號的放大及分析。針對小信號，文中介紹了一種性能優(yōu)良的神經(jīng)信號調(diào)理電路。該電路由前置輸入放大器、帶通選頻網(wǎng)絡(luò)、緩沖放大器、信號識別電路和光耦隔離電路等組成，具有輸入阻抗高、共模抑制比高、不同頻率段相移相差小、高倍放大、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單穩(wěn)定可靠等特點，解決了對人體神經(jīng)信號進行檢測時常遇到的信號微弱、強大的工頻和極化電壓干擾等難題。最后的軟件調(diào)試使整個過程得以實現(xiàn)。

關(guān)鍵詞：DSP，A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器，CPLD，TMS320C54x，C語言，原理圖，神經(jīng)信號，信號調(diào)理，電路設(shè)計

Abstract
DSP is a kind of processing microprocessor, which specially uses in the digital processing, has the extremely vital role in the science and technology. This article realizes the weak signal simple spectral analysis using DSP, in which introduced the DSP elementary knowledge: the DSP definition, the characteristic, the application and DSP’s Fast Fourier Translation. It also introduced the TMS320C54x hardware architecture, the A/D amplifier, the complex programmable logical component, the keyboard connection unit and the recuperating electric circuit. The present paper plan is (for example nerve signal) sends in the small and weak signal the amplifier to carry on the enlargement, then carries on A/D transform, passes through the programmable logical component address, the addressing, finally sends to DSP, completes the small signal the enlargement and the analysis. In view of the small signal, in the article introduced one kind of performance fine nerve signal recuperates the electric circuit. This electric circuit by the pretage input amplifier, the band pass chooses the frequency network, the buffer amplifier, the signal identification electric circuit and the light pair isolation electric circuit and so on is composed, has the input impedance high, the mold suppression rate high, the different frequency section phase-shift phase difference small, the high time of enlargement, the structure simple stable is altogether reliable and so on the characteristic, solved has carried on the signal to the human body nerve signal which the examination often met weak, formidable difficult problem and so on labor frequency and polarizing voltage disturbance. The final software debugging enables the entire process to realize.
Key word: DSP; the A/D switch; CPLD; TMS320C54x; the C language; the schematic diagram；the nerve signal；the signal recuperates; circuit design

部分參考文獻

[8] 彭啟琮.TMS320C54x實驗教程[M]. 電子科技大學(xué)出版社，2004年，5－43頁
[9] Sanjit K.Mitra, & McGraw-Hill.數(shù)字信號處理－基于計算機的方法（第2版）[M].北京：清華大學(xué)出版社，2005年，15－26頁
[10] 許永和. EZ-USB FX 系列單片機USB外圍設(shè)計和應(yīng)用［M］. 北京：北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社，2002，55－57頁
[11] 徐盛，胡劍凌. 數(shù)字信號處理器開發(fā)實踐. 上海：上海交通大學(xué)出版社，2003,1-5頁
[12] 胡劍凌，徐盛. 數(shù)字信號處理系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用和設(shè)計. 上海：上海交通大學(xué)出版社，2003，56－60頁