摘 要

汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋作為汽車的四大總成之一，它承載著汽車載荷以及車身和地面給予的力以及力矩。汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)不但對(duì)汽車的可靠性和耐久性有很大的影響，而且對(duì)汽車的行駛性能也有直接的影響。所以它的性能好壞直接影響到汽車的整車性能的好壞。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的零部件繁多，其中包括了主減速器、差速器、橋殼以及車輪等。為了滿足目前載重汽車的快速、大噸位、高時(shí)效的要求，不但需要大功率發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出大的扭矩，而且必須要搭配一個(gè)高效可靠的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋。傳動(dòng)效率高的單級(jí)減速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋能滿足需求而成為了未來發(fā)展的主要方向。

設(shè)計(jì)方法主要是參照傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，主要是對(duì)主減速器和差速器的設(shè)計(jì)、參數(shù)的選擇設(shè)計(jì)、強(qiáng)度校核等方面。本文首先是簡單介紹選擇本課題的背景意義、目的以及本課題解決的問題，之后介紹主減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和安置方法以及對(duì)主減速器、差速器的參數(shù)選擇以及計(jì)算校核和對(duì)軸承的選擇以及校核。

關(guān)鍵詞：驅(qū)動(dòng)橋；主減速器；差速器；橋殼

Main reducer and differential design of car

Abstract:One of the four assemblies of automotive drive axle as the car, it carries with auto loading and force and moment from the body and the ground. Automotive drive axle of the structure and design parameters of automobile not only has great effect on reliability and durability, and performance of vehicles has direct influence. So its performance is good or bad directly affect the car's performance is good or bad. The components of drive axle is various, including the Lord reducer, differential and axle housing, and wheels, etc. In order to satisfy the fast truck, large tonnage, high aging, not only need high power engine output torque, but must be with an efficient and reliable drive axle. Transmission efficiency of single reduction drive axle can meet the demand and become the main direction of future development.

Design method mainly with reference to the traditional design method of drive axle design, mainly for the design of the main reducer and differential, the choice of parameter design, strength check, etc. This article first is simple introduced to choose the background significance, the purpose of this topic, and this topic to solve the problem, introduces the main reducer to the structure and placement method and parameter selection and calculation for the main reducer, differential and the choice of bearing and respectively.

Keywords: drive axle；differential bridge；main reducer；shell

目 次

摘要 I

Abstract

1  緒論 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 研究的基本內(nèi)容 1

2  主減速器設(shè)計(jì) 3

2.1 主減速器齒輪類型 3

2.2 主減速器的減速型式 3

2.3 主減速器錐齒輪的支承型式及安置方法 4

2.3.1 主動(dòng)錐齒輪的支承型式及安置方法 4

2.3.2 從動(dòng)錐齒輪的支承型式及安置方法 4

2.3.3 主減速器的軸承預(yù)緊及齒輪嚙合調(diào)整 4

2.4 主減速器的參數(shù)選擇與設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 4

2.4.1 主減速比的確定 5

2.4.2 主減速器齒輪計(jì)算載荷的確定 5

2.4.3 主減速器齒輪基本參數(shù)的選擇 7

2.4.4 主減速器軸承的計(jì)算 12

3  差速器設(shè)計(jì) 18

3.1 對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的結(jié)構(gòu) 18

3.2 對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的設(shè)計(jì) 18

3.2.1 差速器齒輪的基本參數(shù)的選擇 18

3.2.2 差速器齒輪的幾何計(jì)算 20

3.2.3 差速器齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 21

4  驅(qū)動(dòng)半軸的設(shè)計(jì) 24

4.1 全浮式半軸計(jì)算載荷的確定 24

4.2 全浮式半軸的桿部直徑的初選 25

4.3 全浮式半軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 25

4.4 半軸花鍵的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 26

5.  驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼的簡單介紹 27

5.1 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼結(jié)構(gòu)選擇 27

5.2 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼的作用 27

6.  結(jié)論 28

參考文獻(xiàn) 28

附錄1 28