沖壓是一種成形工藝方法，通過(guò)模具使板材產(chǎn)生塑性變形而獲得成品零件。由于沖壓通常在室溫下進(jìn)行，因此也稱(chēng)冷沖壓。只有當(dāng)板材厚度超過(guò)8～100 時(shí)，才采用熱沖壓。沖壓加工的原材料一般為板料或帶料，故也稱(chēng)板料沖壓。某些非金屬板料(如膠合板、云母板、石棉、皮革等)也可采用沖壓成形工藝進(jìn)行加工成形。
沖壓廣泛應(yīng)用于金屬制品各行業(yè)中，尤其在汽車(chē)、儀表、軍工、家用電器等工業(yè)中占有極其重要的地位。
在沖壓成形中，工藝、設(shè)備和模具三類(lèi)基本問(wèn)題需要研究。
板材沖壓具有下列特點(diǎn)：
（1）沖壓件在形狀和尺寸精度方面的互換性好。
（2）生產(chǎn)率高，操作簡(jiǎn)單，容易實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化和自動(dòng)化。

Stamping is a kind of plastic forming process in which a part is produced by means of the plastic forming of the material under the action of a die.Stamping is usually carried out under cold state,so it is also called cold stamping.Heat stamping is used only when the blank thickness is greater than 8～100mm.The blank material for stamping is usually in the from sheet or strip,and therefore it is also called sheet metal forming.Some non-metal sheets(such as plywood,mica sheet,asbestos,leather)can also be formed by stamping.
Stamping is widely used in various of the metalworking industry, and it plays a crucial role in the industries for manufacturing automobiles, instruments,military parts and household electrical appliances,etc.
The process,equipment and die are the three foundational problems that needed to be studied in stamping.
The characteristics of the sheet metal forming are as follows:
(1) Good interchangeability between stamping parts due to precision in shape and dimension.
(2) High productivity,easy to operate and to realize mechanization and automatization