故障的分析、尺寸的決定以及凸輪的分析和應(yīng)用
前言介紹：
作為一名設(shè)計(jì)工程師有必要知道零件如何發(fā)生和為什么會(huì)發(fā)生故障，以便通過(guò)進(jìn)行最低限度的維修以保證機(jī)器的可靠性。有時(shí)一次零件的故障或者失效可能是很?chē)?yán)重的一件事情，比如，當(dāng)一輛汽車(chē)正在高速行駛的時(shí)候，突然汽車(chē)的輪胎發(fā)生爆炸等。另一方面，一個(gè)零件發(fā)生故障也可能只是一件微不足道的小事，只是給你造成了一點(diǎn)小麻煩。一個(gè)例子是在一個(gè)汽車(chē)?yán)鋮s系統(tǒng)里的暖氣裝置軟管的松動(dòng)。后者發(fā)生的這次故障造成的結(jié)果通常只不過(guò)是一些暖氣裝置里冷卻劑的損失，是一種很容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)并且被改正的情況。
能夠被零件進(jìn)行吸收的載荷是相當(dāng)重要的。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，與靜載重相比較，有兩個(gè)相反方向的動(dòng)載荷將會(huì)引起更大的問(wèn)題，因此，疲勞強(qiáng)度必須被考慮。另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵是材料是可延展性的還是脆性的。例如，脆的材料被認(rèn)為在存在疲勞的地方是不能夠被使用的。

Applications Of Cams
INTRODUCTION
It is absolutely essential that a design engineer know how and why parts fail so that reliable machines that require minimum maintenance can be designed．Sometimes a failure can be serious，such as when a tire blows out on an automobile traveling at high speed．On the other hand，a failure may be no more than a nuisance．An example is the loosening of the radiator hose in an automobile cooling system．The consequence of this latter failure is usually the loss of some radiator coolant，a condition that is readily detected and corrected．
The type of load a part absorbs is just as significant as the magnitude．Generally speaking，dynamic loads with direction reversals cause greater difficulty than static loads，and therefore，fatigue strength must be considered．Another concern is whether the material is ductile or brittle．For example，brittle materials are considered to be unacceptable where fatigue is involved．