摘    要

本系統(tǒng)采用的是以單片機STC89c52為核心的光電計數(shù)器。其工作原理是采用單片機的外部中斷0來進行計數(shù)，數(shù)據(jù)采集部分采用反射式光電傳感器，將紅外發(fā)光管與光電接收管相鄰安放，每當物體通過一次，紅外光就被物體反射，光電接收管接收一次，光電接收管的輸出電壓就產(chǎn)生一個變化，這個變化的電壓信號通過放大和處理后，形成計數(shù)脈沖，輸入至STC89c52單片機的P3.2口，通過軟件控制和硬件控制并用LED加以顯示，便可實現(xiàn)對物體的計數(shù)統(tǒng)計。本計數(shù)器可將機械或人工計數(shù)方式變?yōu)殡娮佑嫈?shù)，并且采用LED數(shù)碼管顯示，可適用于諸多行業(yè)，以滿足現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)、生活方式的需求。

所謂的光電式傳感器是將光信號轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號的一種傳感器。光電式傳感器是以光電器件作為轉(zhuǎn)換組件的傳感器，光電檢測方法具有精度高、應用快、非接觸等優(yōu)點，而可測參數(shù)多，光電傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，形式靈活多變因此，光電式傳感器在檢測和控制中應用非常廣泛。

關鍵詞：計數(shù)器；光電傳感器；單片機；LED數(shù)碼管 

Abstract

This system USES is with STC89c52 single chip microcomputer as the core of the photoelectric counter. The working principle of adopting SCM external interruption 0 to count, the data acquisition of the reflecting photoelectric sensor, the infrared light tube and photoelectric receiving tube adjacent put, whenever the object through a, infrared light is object reflective, photoelectric tube receiving a receiving, photoelectric receiving tube is the output voltage of produce a change, the changes of the voltage signal through the amplifier and processing, form count pulse, the input to STC89c52 SCM P3.2 mouth, through the control software and hardware control and that LED to, can realize the object counting statistics. This counter can or mechanical artificial count way into electronic counted, and using LED digital display tube, can be used in many industries, to meet the modern production, the way of life of demand.

The so-called photoelectric sensor is light signals are converted to electrical signals a sensor. Photoelectric sensor is based on photoelectric device as a conversion of components of the sensor, photoelectric detection method has high accuracy, application, the advantages of fast contact, and can be measured parameters, the structure of the photoelectric sensor is simple, flexible in form so, photoelectric sensor in the detection and control is widely used.

Keywords: counter; Photoelectric sensor; microcomputer; LED digital tube

 

目 錄

摘    要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章  緒    論 1

1.1、本論文的背景和意義 1

1.2、主要方法和研究進展 1

1.3、主要內(nèi)容 1

1.4、結(jié)構(gòu)安排 1

第2章 整體設計方案 2

2.1、設計方案選擇 2

2.2、設計方框圖 2

第3章   硬件設計及功能 3

3.1、基本介紹 3

3.2、AT89C52引腳功能 4

3.3、STC89C52系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖 5

3.4、STC89C52的復位與時鐘 6

3.5、STC89C52單片機的基本工作電路 6

3.6、本次設計的部分電路 7

3.7、74HC573芯片 7

3.8、顯示電路 8

第4章  軟件設計 10

4.1、PROTEUS軟件 10

4.2、KEIL C51軟件 10

4.3、軟件設計流程圖： 11

致    謝 11

結(jié)     論 13

參考文獻 14

附  錄 1    電氣原理圖 15

附  錄 2  PCB圖與3D視圖 16

附錄3  源程序 17

附錄4 仿真效果圖 19