農(nóng)業(yè)大棚溫濕度監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

摘   要

大棚技術(shù)在全國(guó)各個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)普及了，但是隨著這些溫室大棚的數(shù)量不斷增加，對(duì)于大棚內(nèi)的溫度、濕度、光照強(qiáng)度和二氧化碳濃度的控制顯得極其重要，特別是溫濕度的監(jiān)控。本課題設(shè)計(jì)了基于單片機(jī)的農(nóng)業(yè)大棚溫濕度監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，更好的對(duì)各個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)大棚內(nèi)各個(gè)環(huán)境因素進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。

 本系統(tǒng)由三部分組成：第一部分的功能是在農(nóng)業(yè)大棚中負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)控溫室，主要是有單片機(jī)讀取溫濕度傳感器DT11測(cè)得的溫濕度，并且在數(shù)碼管顯示。第二部分功能是負(fù)責(zé)將所測(cè)得的溫濕度從農(nóng)業(yè)大棚傳到管理員的電腦或其他通訊設(shè)備上，這樣可以讓管理員及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的查看大棚內(nèi)的溫濕度，這部分主要是有485通訊總線完成傳輸。第三部分的功能則是上位機(jī)處理接收的溫濕度值，并且判斷這些溫濕度值是否在合理的溫濕度范圍內(nèi)，如果超出預(yù)設(shè)值就立即報(bào)警。

 通過多次測(cè)試表明，系統(tǒng)各個(gè)部分功能正常，相互銜接良好，操作簡(jiǎn)單方便，大大提高了溫室大棚的科學(xué)管理水平，可以減少勞動(dòng)者的工作量，減少支出，提高大棚內(nèi)產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量，增加勞動(dòng)者的收入，提高國(guó)民生產(chǎn)值，具有很好的發(fā)展未來。

關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)、溫室大棚、溫濕度監(jiān)控、485通訊總線、DHT11

         

ABSTRACT

Greenhouse technology in various villages and towns has spread across the country, but with the growing number of greenhouses, for inside the greenhouse temperature, humidity, light intensity and co2 concentration control is extremely important, especially the temperature and humidity monitoring. This topic design agricultural greenhouse temperature and humidity monitoring system based on single chip microcomputer, the better to monitor various environmental factors within the agricultural greenhouses. 

This system consists of three parts: the first part of the function is responsible for monitoring the greenhouse in agricultural greenhouses, mainly have a microcontroller reads DT11 measured temperature and humidity, temperature and humidity sensor and the digital tube display. Function in the second part is responsible for the temperature and humidity will be faster from agriculture canopy to the administrator of the computer or other communications equipment, so that the administrator timely and accurately check the temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse, this part mainly through 485 communication bus transmission. The third part is the function of upper machine processing receive values of temperature and humidity, and judge whether the temperature and humidity value in a reasonable range of temperature and humidity, if more than the default value is immediately report to the police. 

Through many tests show that system has the function of each part is normal, each other is good, simple and convenient operation, greatly improve the scientific management level of the greenhouses, can reduce the workload of laborer, reduce expenditure, increase in the greenhouse production of products, increase the income of workers, improve the national production, has the very good development future.

Key words: single chip microcomputer, greenhouses, monitor, 485 communication bus, DHT11 temperature and humidity

目錄 

摘   要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 緒論 1

1.1 農(nóng)業(yè)大棚的特性 1

1.2 農(nóng)業(yè)大棚溫濕度監(jiān)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展歷程 2

1.3 農(nóng)業(yè)大棚監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成 2

1.3.1 溫度和濕度的測(cè)量 2

1.3.2 測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸 2

1.3.3 數(shù)據(jù)的集中顯示和處理 3

第二章 微機(jī)控制的大棚監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)概況 4

2.1系統(tǒng)功能與結(jié)構(gòu)框圖 4

2.2系統(tǒng)工作過程分析 5

第三章 系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 6

3.1 單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介和應(yīng)用 6

3.2 DHT11的原理 7

3.2.1、傳感器的信息 7

3.2.2、傳感器性能說明 7

3.2.3、 接口說明 8

3.2.4、 電源引腳 8

3.3各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)串行通信接口 8

3.3.1 RS-232的原理 8

3.3.2 RS-485的特點(diǎn) 9

3.3.3 RS-485的電壓和電流的要求 9

3.3.4 RS-485的連接 9

3.3.5 系統(tǒng)串行接口標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選擇 10

3.3.6 MAX1480的簡(jiǎn)介 11

3.4 LED數(shù)碼管顯示原理 11

第四章  系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 14

4.1 上位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 14

4.2 下位機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì) 16

4.2.1 主程序 16

4.2.2 DHT11的相關(guān)程序 18

4.2.3串行通信程序 21

第五章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 24

5.1 硬件調(diào)試 24

結(jié)  論 27

參考文獻(xiàn) 28

致  謝 29