車(chē)輛碰撞傳感模塊之設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)

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摘要 當(dāng)今社會(huì)汽車(chē)事故每時(shí)每刻都在發(fā)生，為了縮短救援時(shí)間，減少事故人員傷亡，車(chē)輛事故緊急呼救系統(tǒng)的研究變得有意義，車(chē)輛事故緊急呼救系統(tǒng)涵蓋了車(chē)輛事故檢測(cè)識(shí)別技術(shù)、移動(dòng)車(chē)輛定位技術(shù)、無(wú)線通信技術(shù)和電子地圖技術(shù)，是汽車(chē)被動(dòng)安全系統(tǒng)中不可缺少的組成部分，有利于提高事故救援的響應(yīng)速度和急救效率，減少事故人員傷亡。本次開(kāi)發(fā)的碰撞傳感模塊是車(chē)輛事故緊急呼救系統(tǒng)中很重要的一部分，該碰撞傳感模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)加速度采集、存儲(chǔ)、事故信號(hào)的觸發(fā)以及通過(guò)無(wú)線射頻將事故信息發(fā)送到上位機(jī)。
本模塊采用嵌入式開(kāi)發(fā)方式，對(duì)碰撞傳感模塊進(jìn)行了軟件的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)。模塊硬件主要包括加速度傳感器、STM32開(kāi)發(fā)板、分壓板和無(wú)線射頻裝置。軟件開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境包括編程工具keil uvision 4和串口調(diào)試助手SSCOM V3.2。在進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的需求分析和概要設(shè)計(jì)后，對(duì)模塊的硬件進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)介，按照嵌入式軟件開(kāi)發(fā)流程實(shí)現(xiàn)了加速度信號(hào)的采集、存儲(chǔ)、事故信號(hào)的觸發(fā)和信號(hào)的發(fā)送。車(chē)輛碰撞傳感模塊能采集加速度信號(hào)，計(jì)算出速度變化量和最大加速度值，并通過(guò)射頻裝置將碰撞信息發(fā)送出去。
關(guān)鍵詞：碰撞傳感 嵌入式開(kāi)發(fā) 加速度采集

Design and Implementation of Crash Collision Detection Module of Vehicle
Abstract An automobile accident happens in the society all the time. In order to shorten the time to rescue people and reduce accidents casualties, the research of vehicle accidents emergency call system becomes meaningful. Vehicle accidents emergency call system covers vehicle accident detection and identification technology, mobile vehicle location technology, wireless communication technology and electronic mapping technology, which is an indispensable part of Automotive passive safety system. The response will help improve the speed and efficiency of the accident emergency rescue and reduce accidents casualties. The collision sensing module which is developed is a very important part of vehicle accidents emergency call system, The collision sensing module can collect and store the acceleration. In addition, it can determine whether the accident occurred and sent the accident information to PC.
The module uses an embedded development mode, it can design and implementation the software of the collision sensor module. Hardwares includes an acceleration sensor module, STM32 development board, sub-plate and radio frequency devices. Software development environment include programming tools keil uvision 4 and serial debugging assistant SSCOM V3.2. After the system analysis and summary of the design, the article introduce the hardware module, according to the embedded software development process, the study can collect and storage the acceleration signal. In addition, it can determine whether the accident occurred and sent the accident information to PC. The collision sensor module can get acceleration signal, calculate the speed change amount, the maximum acceleration value and it can sent the information to the RF device.
Key words crash sense Embedded Development acceleration collection

目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究背景及意義 1
1.1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.2 研究意義 2
1.2 車(chē)輛碰撞傳感技術(shù)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.1 國(guó)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀 4
1.3 本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 5
第二章 嵌入式開(kāi)發(fā)及系統(tǒng)所選硬件簡(jiǎn)介 7
2.1 嵌入式開(kāi)發(fā)簡(jiǎn)介 7
2.2 加速度傳感器 7
2.3 STM32開(kāi)發(fā)板簡(jiǎn)介 9
2.4 無(wú)線射頻模塊硬件 10
2.5分壓板 11
2.6 硬件連接實(shí)物圖 12
第三章 碰撞傳感模塊的軟件設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 13
3.1 單片機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì)工具 13
3.1.1 編程工具Keil uVision4 13
3.1.2 串口調(diào)試助手SSCOM V3.2 14
3.2 單片機(jī)模塊流程圖 15
3.2.1嵌入式軟件開(kāi)發(fā)流程 15
3.2.2 加速度采集流程圖 15
3.2.3 無(wú)線射頻模塊流程圖 16
3.2.4 碰撞傳感模塊流程圖 17
3.3 單片機(jī)程序?qū)崿F(xiàn) 18
3.3.1 單片機(jī)程序代碼編寫(xiě) 18
3.3.2 碰撞傳感模塊功能實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼 22
3.3.3 交叉編譯、鏈接 24
3.3.4 燒寫(xiě)程序 24
3.3.5 模塊測(cè)試結(jié)果與分析 26
3.4 本章小結(jié) 27
結(jié)論 28
致謝 29
參考文獻(xiàn) 30