某市中小企業(yè)融資難問(wèn)題研究

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摘要 改革開(kāi)發(fā)以來(lái)，我國(guó)中小企業(yè)獲得前所未有的發(fā)展，中小企業(yè)在穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)、吸納就業(yè)等方面起著舉足輕重的作用。近幾年來(lái)，在中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，融資難一直是困擾其發(fā)展的主要因素。以昆山市為代表的東部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)，融資的問(wèn)題也一直困擾著當(dāng)?shù)刂行∑髽I(yè)和政府部門(mén)，如何解決這一問(wèn)題，成為當(dāng)前的一大熱點(diǎn)。
通過(guò)對(duì)昆山市有關(guān)部門(mén)的相關(guān)資料進(jìn)行了收集、統(tǒng)計(jì)、分析，了解到近幾年昆山市中小企業(yè)雖然發(fā)展迅速、對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)巨大，但同樣面臨的融資困境卻沒(méi)有得到有效的緩解的問(wèn)題。昆山市是外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)，雖然中小企業(yè)近幾年發(fā)展迅速，但也受到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)起伏的影響，另外由于企業(yè)自身存在管理水平低、內(nèi)控制度缺乏、盈利能力差等缺點(diǎn)，金融機(jī)構(gòu)在對(duì)中小企業(yè)發(fā)放和擔(dān)保貸款時(shí)審批謹(jǐn)慎、程序復(fù)雜，而且地方政府由于政策扶持和財(cái)力的有限，在中小企業(yè)融資困境緩解方面幫助有限，導(dǎo)致昆山市中小企業(yè)獲得金融機(jī)構(gòu)貸款較難，融資困境依然存在。本文通過(guò)分析昆山市中小企業(yè)融資難的現(xiàn)狀、原因和政府扶持昆山市中小企業(yè)融資政策，對(duì)制約昆山市中小企業(yè)融資的因素進(jìn)行了列舉分析，并對(duì)緩解昆山市中小企業(yè)融資難提出了可行性的對(duì)策建議。

關(guān)鍵詞：中小企業(yè) 融資難　對(duì)策建議

The Research on Financing Difficult of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kunshan

Abstract Since the reform and development of Chinese unprecedented development of SMEs, SMEs play a pivotal role in stabilizing the economy, creating jobs and so on. In recent years, the development of SMEs in the process, has been a major factor in financing difficulties plagued its development. Kunshan as the representative of the economically developed eastern regions, the financing problem has plagued local SMEs and government departments on how to solve this problem, become a hot topic.
In this paper, Kunshan departments were collected relevant information, statistics, analysis, learned in recent years despite the rapid development of small and medium enterprises in Kunshan, a huge contribution to economic and social development, but also face financing difficulties have not been effectively alleviate the problem. Kunshan is the export-oriented economy developed regions, although in recent years, the rapid development of SMEs, but also affected by the ups and downs of the global economy, in addition to their own due to the presence of a low level of management, lack of internal control system defects and poor profitability, financial institutions against SME loans guaranteed approval cautious when issuing and complicated procedures, and local governments due to policy support and financial resources are limited, in terms of helping to alleviate the plight of SME financing is limited, resulting in Kunshan difficult for SMEs to obtain loans from financial institutions, financing difficulties still exist . This paper analyzes the current situation of SME financing in Kunshan . Kunshan causes and government support SME financing policy, SME financing constraints Kunshan factors were cited analysis, and ease the financing difficulties of SMEs in Kunshan, the feasibility of proposed Suggestions.

Key words: Small and medium enterprise, financing difficulties, countermeasures


目 錄
引 言 1
第一章 中小企業(yè)的界定及融資方式 2
1.1 中小企業(yè)的界定 2
1.2 中小企業(yè)融資方式 2
1.2.1 內(nèi)源融資方式 3
1.2.2 外源融資方式 3
第二章 昆山市中小企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀分析 4
2.1 昆山中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀和特征 4
2.1.1 總量規(guī)模和貢獻(xiàn)率均躍上新臺(tái)階 4
2.1.2 集群發(fā)展趨勢(shì)明顯 4
2.1.3 創(chuàng)新能力不斷提高 4
2.2 昆山市中小企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀 4
2.2.1 昆山市中小企業(yè)融資狀況 4
2.2.2 中小企業(yè)融資用途 5
2.3 昆山市中小企業(yè)面臨的融資困境 5
2.3.1 獲得銀行貸款難度大 5
2.3.2 擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)量收縮 5
2.3.3 直接融資難度大 6
2.3.4 政府扶持資金涉及的企業(yè)數(shù)量和規(guī)模有限 6
第三章 昆山市中小企業(yè)融資難的原因分析 7
3.1 從企業(yè)自身角度分析 7
3.1.1 企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)管理不規(guī)范、內(nèi)部管理水平參差不齊 7
3.1.2 企業(yè)實(shí)力不足，缺少抵押擔(dān)保的資產(chǎn) 7
3.1.3 企業(yè)信用觀念淡薄 7
3.1.4 企業(yè)抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力弱 8
3.2 從金融機(jī)構(gòu)角度分析 8
3.2.1 商業(yè)銀行對(duì)中小企業(yè)慎貸惜貸 8
3.2.2 銀行與中小企業(yè)信息不對(duì)稱 8
3.2.3 政策性擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)缺失 9
3.2.4 擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)規(guī)模偏小 9
3.3 從地方政府角度分析 9
3.3.1 地方政府偏好大型企業(yè) 9
3.3.2 地方政府扶持力度不夠 10
第四章 昆山市中小企業(yè)融資難的對(duì)策建議 11
4.1 中小企業(yè)應(yīng)提高自身素質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)融資能力 11
4.1.1 強(qiáng)化領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層綜合素質(zhì)，規(guī)范企業(yè)內(nèi)部管理 11
4.1.2 加強(qiáng)企業(yè)信用制度建設(shè) 11
4.1.3 中小企業(yè)集合融資 11
4.1.4 企業(yè)發(fā)行股票 12
4.1.5 嘗試供應(yīng)鏈融資 12
4.1.6 提高企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力 13
4.2 金融機(jī)構(gòu)要完善為中小企業(yè)服務(wù)的融資體系 13
4.2.1 商業(yè)銀行完善對(duì)中小企業(yè)融資的政策 13
4.2.2 加快中小型銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展 13
4.2.3 加大金融產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新 14
4.2.4 擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)間加強(qiáng)交流 14
4.3 地方政府幫助完善中小企業(yè)融資的政策體系 14
4.3.1 拓展中小企業(yè)融資渠道 14
4.3.2 加大扶持擔(dān)保行業(yè)力度 15
4.3.3 全面提升為中小企業(yè)服務(wù)的效能 15
結(jié) ..