論死刑廢止相關(guān)制度的完善

1萬多字

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目 錄
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
前 言…………………………………………………………………… 1
一、廢除死刑的價(jià)值基礎(chǔ)……………………………………………… 1
（一）維護(hù)人權(quán)………………………………………………………………1
（二）死刑的威懾力…………………………………………………………2
（三）防止死刑錯(cuò)案的發(fā)生…………………………………………………3
二、我國死刑制度的立法評析及立法趨勢………………………………3
（一）立法評析………………………………………………………………3
（二）立法趨勢………………………………………………………………4
三、廢除死刑后刑罰制度的完善………………………………………5
（一）廢除我國的死緩制度…………………………………………………6
1.死緩的積極意義…………………………………………………………………6
2.死緩存在缺陷 …………………………………………………………………6
3.死緩制度的終結(jié)…………………………………………………………………7
（二）讓無期徒刑制度替代死刑……………………………………………7
1.無期徒刑很好的體現(xiàn)了人道主義思想……………………………………………7
2.無期徒刑的威懾力并不比死刑低…………………………………………………7
3.我國現(xiàn)行的無期徒刑仍存在缺陷…………………………………………………8
（三）完善有期徒刑…………………………………………………………8
（四）善用資格刑……………………………………………………………8
（五）對減刑進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格控制…………………………………………………9
（六）不能適用假釋制度……………………………………………………9
四、廢除死刑后其他制度的完善………………………………………10
（一）刑事和解制度………………………………………………………10
（二）被害人賠償制度……………………………………………………10
結(jié)束語……………………………………………………………………11
參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………12
致 謝……………………………………………………………………13


摘 要

死刑廢止問題是現(xiàn)在社會(huì)爭論的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)。死刑本身制定的初衷也是為了懲罰犯罪者，讓其受到該有的懲罰，可以有機(jī)會(huì)改過自新，同時(shí)也是為了讓其他的人吸取教訓(xùn)，起到威懾的作用，以減少犯罪發(fā)生。從貝卡利亞提出廢除死刑以后，死刑問題就一直在受到人們的質(zhì)疑。死刑到現(xiàn)在還在某些國家依然存在的理由只是人們認(rèn)為其可以威懾到犯罪者?？墒俏覀冏屑?xì)觀察研究就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，死刑的威懾力并不如人們所想象的那樣讓人害怕，犯罪率也并沒有因?yàn)樗佬痰拇嬖诙鴾p少，這在廢止死刑的國家我們可以看見。
本文將從廢除死刑的價(jià)值基礎(chǔ)入手，探討一下廢除死刑的意義：保障人權(quán)和防止死刑錯(cuò)案的發(fā)生；然后從國際和國內(nèi)兩方面簡述與死刑相關(guān)的立法，以及死刑制度發(fā)展的趨勢——必然走向滅亡。目前我國在逐漸的限制死刑制度的適用，尤其是在最高院收回死刑復(fù)核權(quán)的今天，相信日后必將到達(dá)廢止的目的。
我國現(xiàn)行刑法存在“死刑過重，生刑過輕”的問題，因此在廢除死刑后不能起到有效的威懾效果，這就需要以具有相同威懾力卻具有人道主義的方法來代替死刑制度。文章的重點(diǎn)即是對此問題進(jìn)行論述：對死緩、無期徒刑、有期徒刑等制度加以改革，對減刑和假釋制度進(jìn)行合理的規(guī)定，并采用其他的制度如刑事和解制度和刑事被害人救助制度來完善我國的刑法。
本人研究這個(gè)問題的目的主要就是想提出一些替代死刑的制度建議，希望能為我國刑法制度的完善做一點(diǎn)努力，更是希望死刑制度的廢止能夠盡快地達(dá)成。


關(guān)鍵詞 制度建構(gòu) 死緩 無期徒刑 減刑 假釋




China abolished the death penalty system after the building

Abstract
Abolition of the death penalty issue is now a focus of social controversy. Enacted the death penalty itself is the original intention to punish the perpetrators, some of them subject to the penalties, you can have the opportunity to rehabilitate, but also to allow other people to draw lessons, played the role of deterrence, to reduce the crime occurred. Beccaria from the proposed abolition of the death penalty, the death penalty issue has been questioned by people. Now is the death penalty still exists in some countries the only reason people think they can deterrent to offenders. However, we carefully observed study will find that the death of deterrence is not as people imagine, as people fear, because the crime rate also does not reduce the presence of the death penalty, abolished the death penalty in this country we can see.
This paper will be to abolish the death penalty based on the value of start to explore the significance of the abolition of the death penalty: the protection of human rights and prevent the occurrence of making the death penalty and then from both international and domestic briefly with the death penalty-related legislation and the development trend of the death penalty system - an inevitable Toward extinction. At present, China's gradual restriction in the application of the death penalty system, particularly at the highest hospital to recover the right to review death penalty today, I believe the future is bound to reach the Abolition of the purpose.
China's current criminal law there, "the death penalty too heavy, the Health and sentence was too light," and therefore the abolition of the death penalty can not be an effective deterrent effect, it needs to have the same deterrent force is a humanitarian way to replace the death penalty system. The article's focus is on this issue: the death with reprieve, life imprisonment, the prison system be reformed, such as the commutation and parole system in a reasonable, and the use of other systems such as criminal and criminal system of reconciliation of victims relief system to improve China's criminal law.
I look at the issue of the main purposes is to propose some alternative system of the death penalty proposal in the hope of China's penal system for the improvement of efforts to do something, the more the system is to abolish the death penalty can be reached as soon as possible.

Keywords： Construction of the system; Death with reprieve; Life imprisonment; Commutation of sentence; Parole



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