CAD設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)的學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）

摘    要

學(xué)習(xí)曲線也稱為經(jīng)驗(yàn)曲線，描敘的是人們反復(fù)不斷的做同一件事情，由于知識(shí)的積累，經(jīng)驗(yàn)的增加，會(huì)使后面做這件事情的時(shí)間或者成本以一個(gè)固定的比率減少。學(xué)習(xí)曲線廣泛的存在于各個(gè)行業(yè)中，它作為一種可以預(yù)測(cè)的工具，有著不可低估的作用。所以學(xué)習(xí)曲線從被發(fā)現(xiàn)開始就吸引了大批學(xué)者對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究，至今已有70多年，幾乎應(yīng)用于所有的行業(yè)。但是我國(guó)關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)曲線的研究和應(yīng)用很少，主要是因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)曲線中的知識(shí)不好量度，替代變量不易找到，也由于有些工廠或者企業(yè)沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到學(xué)習(xí)曲線的作用，沒有對(duì)一些相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)，這樣就使得研究起學(xué)習(xí)曲線來(lái)比較困難。所以在中國(guó)還沒有真正出現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)曲線的應(yīng)用。
 為了客觀地描述產(chǎn)品CAD開發(fā)過程中的反復(fù)設(shè)計(jì)使效率提高，體現(xiàn)人因與組織因素對(duì)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)過程的影響，本文從設(shè)計(jì)者的角度設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)以CAD設(shè)計(jì)模型的基礎(chǔ)實(shí)驗(yàn)方案。針對(duì)這套CAD設(shè)計(jì)的模型方案，本文提出了實(shí)驗(yàn)方法及研究對(duì)象并明確了研究范圍。然后以具體的變速箱傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì)為研究背景，使用一套面向CAD軸類零件的設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間研究程序，設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方案，用于人在設(shè)計(jì)變速箱傳動(dòng)軸過程中，學(xué)習(xí)效率對(duì)參與者設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間的影響。
基于所提出的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案，進(jìn)行了具體的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。首先對(duì)參與者數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)，并對(duì)已知數(shù)據(jù)加以分析。然后研究設(shè)計(jì)者的學(xué)習(xí)效率得出合理的學(xué)習(xí)效率公式，并以此畫出學(xué)習(xí)曲線，分析變速箱傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間與設(shè)計(jì)能力和產(chǎn)品特征的影響規(guī)律，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)變速箱傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間的概念模型的推導(dǎo)，并通過數(shù)學(xué)檢驗(yàn)的方法證明了其有效性。最后，將實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析總結(jié)，為下一步的研究提供重要的參考數(shù)據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞：學(xué)習(xí)曲線，產(chǎn)品CAD設(shè)計(jì)研究，設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間，學(xué)習(xí)效率，變速箱傳動(dòng)軸

ABSTRACT

Learning curve is also called experience curve, it indicate the displine that while people do the work repeatedly,  the time or the cost of work would decrease by a fixed ratio because of knowledge and experience accumulation. Learning curve was used widely and takes great role in many fields, therefore it can be used as a forecast tool. Many scholars have been attracted to investigate learning curve since it was discovered more than 70years ago. But there are few studies about it in China, as the difficulties on knowledge representing. and some companies haven’t realized the functions and collected the data about learning curve. Thus, there isn’t real application of learning curve in China.
In order to describe the design efficiency raising during repeatedly development of CAD products objectively , and the effects caused by human and organization factors in the product development, this paper presented a model of CAD experiment program based designer.  proposed the experimental methods and research objects and defined the scope of the study. And then taking the specific design of the drive shaft of the gearbox as research background, we used a shaft for CAD design time to study the procedures, design the experiments which could show the effects of learning efficiency on design time.
Based on the proposed experiment,we carry out a specific experimental studies. First ,we analysed the statistical data of participants. Then, formulated a reasonable formula for learning efficiency, based which, we drow the learning curve, analysed the rules of design time of gearbox and design capability of person, and constructed the conception model of gearbox design time .finally, we summarized the experiment results for further study.

Key words：Learning Curve，CAD Product Design Research, Designing Time, Learning Efficiency, Transmission Shaft Of Gear Box
 

目   錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
1緒論 1
1.1 本課題提出的意義及背景 1
1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3本文研究的目的和研究?jī)?nèi)容 6
1.3.1本文研究的目的 6
1.3.2本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 6
1.4本章小結(jié) 6
 2面向產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)過程中的學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)和實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.1 概述 7
2.2 指標(biāo)和因素的確定與檢驗(yàn) 8
2.2.1指標(biāo)和因素的確定 8
2.2.2 指標(biāo)檢驗(yàn) 8
2.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟 9
2.3.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)安排 10
2.3.3實(shí)驗(yàn)參試者 10
2.3.4實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù) 11
2.3.5 實(shí)驗(yàn)范例 12
2.3.6試驗(yàn)設(shè)備及工具 14
2.4 本章小結(jié) 15
3試驗(yàn)程序開發(fā)及結(jié)果分析 16
3.1面向軸類零件的設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間研究實(shí)驗(yàn)程序 16
3.1.1開發(fā)工具 16
3.1.2需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能模塊 16
3.1.3程序運(yùn)行流程 16
3.2結(jié)果與分析 17
3.2.1參試者設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析 17
3.2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析與結(jié)論 18
3.2.3應(yīng)用 22
3.3本章小結(jié) 23
4 結(jié)論 24
參考文獻(xiàn) 25
致謝 27