摘 要

對現代工業(yè)而言，火焰加工（切割、焊接、加熱等）已經成為應用量大、覆蓋面廣的重要技術領域，切割是其中不可或缺的一部分。隨著科學技術的發(fā)展，新的切割技術的開發(fā)和應用取得了長足的發(fā)展，成為現代工業(yè)中不可缺少的一個組成部分。而氣體火焰切割是熱切割技術中最早被采用和最常用的工藝方法，這種切割方法具有設備簡單、投資費用少、操作方便靈活、切割質量好，尤其是能夠切割各種含曲線形狀的零件和大厚度工件等一系列特點。
傳統(tǒng)氣體火焰切割主要采用乙炔氣體，乙炔火焰的切割有許多優(yōu)點：熱量分布集中，火焰溫度高，工件預熱時間短，但同時也有其缺點，生產過程中耗能多，污染大，加之在儲存和運輸過程中又存在很大的危險性，在使用過程中也存在耗能和嚴重的環(huán)境污染問題。為此，焊接工作者積極尋求性能更適合的替代燃氣，經過多年的實踐，人們發(fā)現液化石油氣是比較合適的替代燃料之一。但液化石油氣又存在燃燒速度慢的問題，本實驗采用添加少量燃燒速度快的氣體乙炔來提高液化石油氣的燃燒速度，通過對比三組實驗結果來分析添加乙炔后效果。結果證明添加乙炔可以提高液化石油氣燃燒速度。


關鍵詞：液化石油氣，氣體火焰切割，乙炔，燃燒特性，火焰
















ABSTRACT

Nowadays flame machining（cutting, welding, heating） has been the most widely used technology to the modern industry. Cutting is one of the indispensable part. As the development of science and technology, the exploitation and application of new cutting technology has been developed, being the indispensable component of the modern industry. Oxy-fuel cutting is the earliest and most frequently used methods in heat-cutting. This method has many characteristics, such as ordinary facility, less expense, easily operating, better cutting quality; especially it can cut many kinds of curvilinear parts and large thickness parts.
The traditional oxy-fuel cutting mainly chose acetylene as the gas. The cutting of flame of acetylene has many strong points, such as concentrating heat-distributing, high temperature of the flame, short warm-up time. However it has shortcomings. It needs lots of energy and brings lots of pollutions at the producing process, both in the process of using. What’s more, there is large danger in reserving and transporting. So people are looking for the befitting gas which can instead of the acetylene. After years of practice, it was found that LPG is one of the befitting gases. But there also has problems. The combustion speed of LPG is slow. This thesis aims at to solve this problem with the method of adding acetylene, which combustion speed is fast, into LPG. Analyzing results of three groups, the results show that it is acting.


Key words: LPG, Oxy-fuel cutting, acetylene, combustion characteristics, flame












目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 氣體火焰切割的基本知識 2
1.1.1 氣體火焰切割技術的現狀及發(fā)展 2
1.1.2 氣體火焰切割的基本原理 3
1.1.3 氣割的分類特點及應用范圍 4
1.1.4 氣割用氣體 4
1.1.5影響鋼材氣割過程的主要因素 7
1.1.6 氣割的工藝參數 9
1.2 液化石油氣切割 10
1.2.1 液化石油氣基本知識 10
1.2.2液化石油氣切割 14
2 試驗方案 16
2.1試驗原理 16
2.2 試驗準備 17
2.2.1 試驗器材 17
2.2.2 試驗準備 17
2.2.3 試驗操作 18
2.2.4 試驗注意事項 18
2.2.5 試驗結果分析 19
2.2 試驗結論 24
3 結論 25
致謝 26
參考文獻 27