摘 要

PCB數(shù)控一軸鉆銑床是一種機電一體化的產(chǎn)品，是專用于PCB加工的數(shù)控機床。它是將機械技術(shù)﹑計算機與信息技術(shù)﹑系統(tǒng)技術(shù)﹑自動控制技術(shù)﹑傳感檢測技術(shù)﹑伺服傳動技術(shù)結(jié)合運用的一門綜合學科的運用。
機床采用先進的直線滾動軌跡、高精度滾珠絲桿和交流伺服電機、連軸器以及先進的變頻器，與傳統(tǒng)的機床相比，本機床自動化程度高、結(jié)構(gòu)更簡單、生產(chǎn)效率高。
涉及微電子、計算機、自動控制、精密機械、圖象處理等多種技術(shù),綜合性強，知識、技術(shù)、資金密度高，適用于高精度PCB的成形加工。
本文對機床的整機系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、伺服給給機構(gòu)、工作裝置、機電匹配進行了討論和分析，并對主機系統(tǒng)進行了詳細的設(shè)計，主要包括機床動力參數(shù)、主機結(jié)構(gòu)布置、伺服系統(tǒng)的選擇以及滾珠絲桿、滾動導(dǎo)軌、聯(lián)軸器、滾動軸承、交流伺服電機、高速電主軸等關(guān)鍵零部件的選擇和設(shè)計。
通過對機床的總體系統(tǒng)和結(jié)構(gòu)方案進行了詳細的分析和設(shè)計，使機床整機系統(tǒng)在功能、精度、剛度、抗振性、抗熱變形、自動化程度、操作方便性等方面達到了設(shè)計要求。對機床的伺服進給系統(tǒng)和傳動方案進行了詳細的分析和設(shè)計，使機床到達了設(shè)計所規(guī)定的精度要求，為精密機械零件的加工奠定基礎(chǔ)。提高和改善了機床系統(tǒng)的加工特性，對機床采用的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)進行了原理、結(jié)構(gòu)及軟、硬件的組成和功能進行了分析和說明。
綜上所述，通過設(shè)計，運用所學的知識對數(shù)控鉆銑床的設(shè)計。使機床在各項技術(shù)指標上達到了設(shè)計要求，從而使本數(shù)控機床滿足了PCB數(shù)控加工的工藝要求，為以后機械行業(yè)的發(fā)展提供微薄的力量。


關(guān)鍵詞： 數(shù)控機床，印刷電路板，伺服系統(tǒng)，機電匹配









ABSTRACT

PCB NC one-shaft drilling-milling machine tool is a kind of mechanical-electric integrative product and the three-shaft linkage NC appropriative print equipment based on the machining of PCB (Printed Circuit Board). Involved Mechanical Technology、Computer and Information Technology、Automatic control system technology sensing technology ﹑ detection technology and Servo drive technology.
The machine tool adopts advanced beeline rooling oriented track, high precision ball bearing screw shaft and AC servo electromotor technique, deals with many studies including micro-electronics, computer, auto-control, fine mechanicsand image manipulation, its comprehension is strong and its knowledge, technique and found density is high. It is used to the milling and drilling of high precision PCB.
The article discusses and analyzes the holistic system structure, servo feeding organ, working organ, NC organ and machinery electricity matching, and has carried out detailed designing and studying of holistic system and servo feeding system mainly including the estimation of driving parameter of the machine tool, the design of holistic structure layout, the selection of servo system, and the selection and proofing of key parts including ball bearing screw shaft, beeline oriented track, crosshead, ball bearing, AC servo electromotor, principal axis.
It up to the design requirements about functions, precision, stiffness, anti-vibration and heat deformation, the degree of automation, ease of operation Through the machine's overall system and structure of the programme carried out a detailed analysis and design.it up to the accuracy of design through detailed analysis and design in the feeding system and transmission programmes. Lay the foundation for recision machinery parts processing enhance and improve the Processing of Characteristics of Mechanical systems .it analys and descript in the Principle, structure and software and hardware components and functions.
Above all. Through the design.useing the knowledge of the design of CNC milling machine drilling.it meet the design requirements in various technical indicators.it apply low strength for the development of Machinery Industry.


Key words: NC machine tool, PCB, servo system, machinery electricity matching

目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 緒論 1
2 機床的總體設(shè)計 4
2.1機床的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)的確定 4
2.1.1機床主參數(shù)及基本參數(shù) 4
2.1.2運動參數(shù)的確定 4
2.1.3動力參數(shù)的確定 6
2.2整機的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 9
2.2.1機械系統(tǒng) 10
2.2.2數(shù)控裝置 10
2.2.3輔助裝置 11
2.3機床的總體布局 11
2.3.1機床的整體布局 11
2.3.2機床各主要組成部件機構(gòu)方案分析 12
2.4機床傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 13
3 伺服進給系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 16
3.1伺服進給系統(tǒng)的選擇設(shè)計 16
3.1.1伺服系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計要求 16
3.1.2伺服系統(tǒng)的類型分析與選擇 17
3.1.3伺服系統(tǒng)傳動裝置的設(shè)計 19
3.2傳動部件的選擇 20
3.2.1滾珠絲桿副的選擇計算 20
3.2.2滾珠絲桿支承方式和軸承的選擇與校核 31
3.2.3連軸器的設(shè)計 34
3.2.4導(dǎo)軌副的選擇與分析 36
3.2.5伺服電機的選擇 38
4 機床的工作和數(shù)控裝置設(shè)計 43
4.1機床的工作裝置 43
4.1.1機床的工作裝置 43
4.1.2電主軸的選擇 44
4.2機床的數(shù)控裝置 45
4.2.1 CNC數(shù)控系統(tǒng) 45
4.2.2機床的數(shù)控系統(tǒng) 47
5 結(jié)論 51
致謝 52
參考文獻