電動(dòng)自行車調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)

單片機(jī)控制電動(dòng)自行車調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的畢業(yè)論文

摘   要

單片機(jī)控制的永磁無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)適用于電動(dòng)自行車等小功率的工作情況。并能將多余的電能回潰。該系統(tǒng)具有調(diào)速性能好、功率因數(shù)高、節(jié)能、體積小、重量輕等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
本文從系統(tǒng)要求分析入手，將整個(gè)系統(tǒng)分成四個(gè)部分，分析和討論了各個(gè)部分的電路原理、控制策略、實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。詳細(xì)討論了系統(tǒng)的各種工況及信號(hào)的傳遞情況，并得到了系統(tǒng)各個(gè)部分在不同工況的工作狀態(tài)。系統(tǒng)各部分的控制電路基于Intel公司的控制芯片8051單片機(jī)。根據(jù)永磁無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的特性實(shí)施脈寬PWM控制，并通過轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器測(cè)量轉(zhuǎn)速通過八段數(shù)碼管動(dòng)態(tài)顯示轉(zhuǎn)速，通過軟硬件的配合，實(shí)現(xiàn)了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求。本文主要是讓更多的人正確的認(rèn)識(shí)電動(dòng)自行車和對(duì)電動(dòng)自行車的主要器件的保養(yǎng)，便與延長電動(dòng)自行車的壽命。
                        
關(guān)鍵詞：單片機(jī)；脈寬調(diào)速系統(tǒng)；電動(dòng)機(jī)；傳感器；蓄電池

Electric Bicycle Speed Control System Design

Abstract
                                                  Author : Chen Yan
                                                    Tutor  : Li Xiuying
SCM control of permanent magnet brushless DC motor speed control system applicable to electric bicycles, and other low-power work. Redundant power and can return to collapse. The system has good speed performance, high power factor, energy saving, small size, light weight, and other advantages.
This paper analyzes the requirements from the system, the whole system will be divided into four parts, analysis and discussion of the various parts of the circuit of the control strategy, implementation method. Discussed in detail the status of the various systems and signal transduction, and have the system in different parts of the state the status of the work. Part of the system control circuit based on Intel's 8051 chip microcontroller. According to the permanent magnet brushless DC motor control of the PWM pulse width, speed sensor and passed through eighth speed digital dynamic display of speed, through hardware and software support, for the entire system design requirements. This paper is designed to allow more people to the correct understanding of electric bicycles, and electric bicycles on the main device maintenance, and would extend the life of electric bicycles.
 
Key words: SCM; pulse speed control system; motor; speed sensor; battery

目  錄
1 緒論…………………………………………………………….……………...……1
2 系統(tǒng)要求……………………………………………………….……………...……2
3總體設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………….…...….……4
4 硬件選擇和設(shè)計(jì) ……………………………………………...………….…..……5
4.1 MCS-51單片機(jī)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) ………………………………………...……………5
4.2 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換芯片……………………………………………………….……….…8
4.3 永磁無刷直流電動(dòng)機(jī)…………………………………………………….……9
4.4 三端式穩(wěn)壓器78LM05………………………………………………...…...…12
4.5 集成轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器KMI15-1…………………………………………….…...…15
4.6 譯碼器……………………………………………………………………...…18
4.7 電動(dòng)自行車的核心蓄電池…………………………………………...………19
4.8控制器與保護(hù)功能 ……………………………………………………………20
5系統(tǒng)電路設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………….…...…...……23
  5.1 電源電路………………………………………………………………..…….23
  5.2 顯示電路……………………………………………………………….……..23
  5.3 控制電路…………………………………………………………………...…23
  5.4 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路及原理……………………………………………………...…...….24
結(jié)論…………………………………………………………………………...…...…28
致謝………………………………………………………………………………..…29
參考文獻(xiàn)……………………………………………………………………......……30
附錄…………………………………………………………………………......……31
附錄A ……………………………………………………………………..……33
附錄B………………………………………………………………………...…34