(畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì))數(shù)控車床橫向進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)


摘  要

數(shù)控機(jī)床集中了傳統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)機(jī)床、精密機(jī)床和萬能機(jī)床三者的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，將高效率、高精度和高柔性集中于一體。而數(shù)控機(jī)床橫向進(jìn)給技術(shù)水平的提高首先依賴于進(jìn)給和主軸驅(qū)動(dòng)特性的改善以及功能的擴(kuò)大，為此數(shù)控機(jī)床對(duì)進(jìn)給伺服系統(tǒng)的位置控制、速度控制、伺服電機(jī)、機(jī)械傳動(dòng)等方面都有很高的要求。
數(shù)車床改造是指以機(jī)械位置作為控制對(duì)象的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。在數(shù)控機(jī)床中，伺服系統(tǒng)主要指各坐標(biāo)軸進(jìn)給驅(qū)動(dòng)的位置橫向進(jìn)給控制系統(tǒng)。伺服系統(tǒng)接受來自CNC裝置的進(jìn)給脈沖，經(jīng)變換和放大，再驅(qū)動(dòng)各加工坐標(biāo)軸按指令脈沖運(yùn)動(dòng)。這些軸有的帶動(dòng)工作臺(tái)，使刀具相對(duì)于工件產(chǎn)生各種復(fù)雜的機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)，加工出所要求的復(fù)雜形狀工件。
橫向進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)是數(shù)控裝置和機(jī)床機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部件間的聯(lián)系環(huán)節(jié)，是數(shù)控機(jī)床的重要組成部分。它包含機(jī)械、電子、電機(jī)(早期產(chǎn)品還包含液壓)等各種部件，并涉及到強(qiáng)電與弱電控制，是一個(gè)比較復(fù)雜的控制系統(tǒng)。橫向進(jìn)給的確是一個(gè)相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)。提高伺服系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)性能和可靠性，對(duì)于數(shù)控機(jī)床具有重大意義，研究與開發(fā)高性能的伺服系統(tǒng)一直是現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。

關(guān)鍵詞：橫向進(jìn)給 數(shù)控化 車床改造

Abstract
Numerical control lathe have following outstanding superiority than traditional lathe include:
Can process out complicated parts, such as the Landscape orientation curve coming out in traditional machine tooling, curved surface etc; Because computer have superb operation ability is can instantaneous to calculate out each coordinate axis instantaneous amount of exercise that should move accurate, Landscape orientation compound into the complicated curve or curved realize automation automatically etc; Therefore can realize that nobody guards and processes for a long time.
Numerical control lathe reform system, should reach in the design: There is high quiet dynamic rigidity; The coefficient of friction between the vice sport is little, the transmission has no interval ; Landscape orientation to operate and maintenance. Lathe numerical control should try one's best and reach and require while being above-mentioned when the transformation. Can't think and link numerical control device and ordinary lathe together and reach numerical control request of lathe, Also should carry on to main part corresponding transformation enable their reaching certain designing requirement, Purpose of transforming that could be expected
Landscape orientation the numerical control of lathe transforms the key step: The technology of the transformation I Whether the technology lay, circuit move towards and be regular, adjust components and parts position, seal and not essential to decorate etc. At last debugging it.
Key words: landscape orientation   numerical control   lathe reform

                            目 錄

摘 要 .2
Abstract............................................................3
目 錄 4
第一章  引 言 5
1.1  設(shè)計(jì)目的及方法 5
1.2  進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)概述 6
第二章  進(jìn)給傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.1  主切削力計(jì)算及技術(shù)參數(shù) 7
2.2  滾珠絲杠螺母副的選擇與計(jì)算 9
2.2.1滾珠絲杠螺母副的選擇 9
2.2.2絲杠螺母副的計(jì)算 10
2.2.3滾珠絲杠螺母副的校核 12
第三章  動(dòng)力計(jì)算 17
3.1  支撐軸承的設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.2  伺服電機(jī)的選擇 17
結(jié) 論 18
致謝語 19
參考文獻(xiàn) 20