Contents

Abstract I
Key Words I
摘要 II
關(guān)鍵詞 II
Introduction 1
I. Definitions and Explanations of Individualism and Collectivism 3
　　A. Definition and Explanation of American Individualism 3
　　B. Definition and Explanation of Chinese Collectivism 5
　　C.Chinese Misunderstanding of American Individualism 6
II.Two Setbacks for Chinese Present Development 7
　　A. Weak Ability to Innovate in Science and Technology 7
　　B. Slow Process in Rule by Law. 8
III. Positive Roles of Individualism 9
　　A. Ability to Innovate 9
　　B. Rule by Law 11
IV. Chinese Cultural Revival in the Twenty-first Century 12
Conclusion 14
Acknowledgements 15
Bibliography 16


Abstract

　　　This paper makes an analysis of the cultural difference between America and China — American individualism and Chinese collectivism from the perspective of prisoners of war and then discusses the importance to foster the spirit of individualism in today’s China when it encounters two setbacks in its reform and development. One of the two setbacks is weak ability to innovate in science and technology and the other is slow process of rule by law. With openness and positive attitude of drawing on other civilizations’ strong points, China would avoid detours in its double social transformations from the type of farming to industry and from industry to information.

Key Words

　　　prisoners of war (POW); American individualism; Chinese collectivism; innovation in science and technology; rule by law





摘　要
　　
　　本文試從戰(zhàn)俘的角度分析中美文化的不同 — 美國(guó)的個(gè)人主義與中國(guó)的集體主義，并結(jié)合現(xiàn)階段中國(guó)改革發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的科技創(chuàng)新能力弱和法治建設(shè)進(jìn)程緩慢兩問(wèn)題，探討發(fā)揚(yáng)個(gè)人主義精神的重要性。筆者相信在中國(guó)進(jìn)行從農(nóng)耕社會(huì)向工業(yè)社會(huì)過(guò)渡，工業(yè)社會(huì)向信息社會(huì)過(guò)渡的雙重社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型過(guò)程中，只有以開(kāi)放和學(xué)習(xí)的心態(tài)積極地借鑒其他文明的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，中國(guó)的改革發(fā)展才能少走彎路。

關(guān)鍵詞

　　戰(zhàn)俘；美國(guó)的個(gè)人主義；中國(guó)的集體主義；科技創(chuàng)新；法治