Modern architecture, not to be confused with 'contemporary architecture', is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament. While the style was conceived early in the 20th century and heavily promoted by a few architects, architectural educators and exhibits, very few Modern buildings were built in the first half of the century. For three decades after the Second World War, however, it became the dominant architectural style for institutional and corporate building.
1. Origins
Some historians see the evolution of Modern architecture as a social matter, closely tied to the project of Modernity and hence to the Enlightenment, a result of social and political revolutions.
Others see Modern architecture as primarily driven by technological and engineering developments, and it is true that the availability of new building materials such as iron, steel, concrete and glass drove the invention of new building techniques as part of the Industrial Revolution. In 1796, Shrewsbury mill owner Charles Bage first used his ‘fireproof’ design, which relied on cast iron and brick with flag stone floors. Such construction greatly strengthened the structure of mills, which enabled them to accommodate much bigger machines. Due to poor knowledge of iron's properties as a construction material, a number of early mills collapsed. It was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, leading to


現(xiàn)代建筑,不被混淆與'當(dāng)代建筑' , 是一個(gè)詞給了一些建筑風(fēng)格有類似的特點(diǎn), 主要的簡化形式,消除裝飾等. 雖然風(fēng)格的設(shè)想早在20世紀(jì),并大量造就了一些建筑師、建筑教育家和展品,很少有現(xiàn)代的建筑物,建于20世紀(jì)上半葉. 第二次大戰(zhàn)后的三十年, 但最終卻成為主導(dǎo)建筑風(fēng)格的機(jī)構(gòu)和公司建設(shè).
1起源
一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為進(jìn)化的現(xiàn)代建筑作為一個(gè)社會(huì)問題, 息息相關(guān)的工程中的現(xiàn)代性,從而影響了啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng),導(dǎo)致社會(huì)和政治革命.
另一些人認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代建筑主要是靠技術(shù)和工程學(xué)的發(fā)展, 那就是獲得新的建筑材料,如鋼鐵, 混凝土和玻璃驅(qū)車發(fā)明新的建筑技術(shù),它作為工業(yè)革命的一部分. 1796年, shrewsbury查爾斯bage首先用他的'火'的設(shè)計(jì), 后者則依靠鑄鐵及磚與石材地板. 這些建設(shè)大大加強(qiáng)了結(jié)構(gòu),使它們能夠容納更大的機(jī)器. 由于作為建筑材料特性知識(shí)缺乏,一些早期建筑失敗. 直到1830年初,伊頓Hodgkinson預(yù)計(jì)推出了型鋼梁, 導(dǎo)致廣泛使用鋼架建設(shè)，工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)完全改變了這種窘迫的面貌,英國北部領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的描述, "黑暗魔鬼作坊"的地方如曼徹斯特和西約克郡. 水晶宮由約瑟夫paxton的重大展覽, 1851年,是一個(gè)早期的例子