4G發(fā)展應(yīng)用趨勢分析與研究

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摘要：無線通信技術(shù)正對我們的社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)變革起著巨大的作用。從第一代通信系統(tǒng)開始，它便開始改變我們的生活。隨著人們對移動通信通話質(zhì)量以及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率等方面要求的不斷提高，對4G移動通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢進行分析、研究勢在必行。
本文研究了4G移動通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢。首先介紹4G的發(fā)展背景，簡單闡述了1G到4G通信系統(tǒng)的標準，介紹了國內(nèi)外的4G發(fā)展動態(tài)；然后講了4G的分類和演進；接著簡單說明了4G的系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)；隨后本文著重介紹了包括OFDM、MIMO、雙工方式、IPv6等4G關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和優(yōu)勢特征；而后本文分析了LTE于WiMAX兩種4G系統(tǒng)的異同點，探討其融合的可能性；其次又闡述了未來LTE技術(shù)的應(yīng)用方向及發(fā)展趨勢，并且提出了一種可能的4G長期演進方案；最后則繼續(xù)對4G技術(shù)的未來發(fā)展進行展望。
本文通過對4G技術(shù)的一系列研究，分析其應(yīng)用發(fā)展的趨勢，得出結(jié)論：各類4G技術(shù)正在向LTE方向融合，而FDD與TDD亦試圖相互兼容。在應(yīng)用方面WiMAX由于其更加安全、可靠的安全協(xié)議，更適用于專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)領(lǐng)域，比如航空、探測、工業(yè)的方面。而LTE由于繼承了其1G、2G、3G時代的龐大用戶基礎(chǔ)，更適合服務(wù)于公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及一部分商業(yè)領(lǐng)域。

關(guān)鍵詞：4G 移動通信 LTE 關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 趨勢

The Trend Analysis and Research of the Development and Application of 4G
Abstract: The wireless technology is playing an important role in the revolution of our social network. With the adventure of the first communication system, it had already changed our lives. The 3rd Generation made wireless communication into a high-speed railway, and the 4th Generation means that the high-speed railway will be turned into a maglev train. So it is very necessary for us to make a research on the trend of the 4th Generation.
This article is mainly about the trend of the development of the 4th Generation. First at first, it introduced the development background of the 4th Generation. It sets out the standards of 1G to 4G communication systems in brief and introduces the developments status of 4G both home and abroad. Secondly, we analyzed the modes and the evolution of 4G. The article shows the standards of WiMAX, FDD and TDD modes for LTE. It also gave the growth paths for WiMAX and LTE. We explained the 4G system architecture thirdly. Next section is the focus of this paper. We paid much attention on the key technologies of 4G. It involved OFDM, MIMO, Duplex mode，IPv6 and so on. Then we discussed the advantages, similarities and different points of LTE and WiMAX. We tried to find if there is a possibility to compatible these two technologies. The sixth chapter pointed out the future applications and development trends to LTE, and submitted a possible program of long term evolution of 4G. Last but not least, we continued to prospect the future developments of 4G technologies.
According to the series of the research and analysis of the 4th Generation technologies, it is resulted that the 4th Generation technologies are to integrate with LTE. The TDD mode and FDD mode are trying to compatible with each other as well. WiMAX applies to some special areas because it is safer than LTE. On the other hand, the LTE is appropriate for public network services and some commercial areas for its huge basic users.
Key words: 4G Mobile Communication LTE Key Technologies Trend

目 錄
縮略詞表 VII
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 4G的發(fā)展背景 1
1.1.1前3代通信系統(tǒng)簡介 1
1.1.2 4G的簡介 2
1.2 4G的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.1 國外發(fā)展狀態(tài) 3
1.2.2 國內(nèi)發(fā)展狀態(tài) 4
1.3 本文的主要工作 4
第2章 4G的分類與演進 5
2.1 4G的分類 5
2.1.1 FDD-LTE 5
2.1.2 LTE-TDD 5
2.1.3 WiMAX 6
2.2 LTE與WiMAX的演進路徑 7
第3章 WiMAX與LTE系統(tǒng)構(gòu)架 9
3.1 WiMAX系統(tǒng) 9
3.2 LTE系統(tǒng) 11
3.2.1 3GPP對LTE系統(tǒng)構(gòu)架定義的基本原則 11
3.2.2影響LTE系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)的一些關(guān)鍵因素 11
3.2.3 LTE系統(tǒng)構(gòu)架 12
第4章 4G的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及優(yōu)勢特征 14
4.1 關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 14
4.1.1 雙工方式 14
4.1.2 OFDM——正交頻分復(fù)用技術(shù) 15
4.1.3 MIMO——多輸入多輸出無線鏈路增強技術(shù) 17
4.1.4 軟件無線電（SDR-Software Defined Radio） 19
4.1.5 IPv6技術(shù)（Internet Protocol Version 6） 19
4.1.6 切換技術(shù) 20
4.1.7 信道編碼技術(shù) 20
4.1.8 小區(qū)間干擾抑制技術(shù) 21
4.2 眾多關(guān)鍵技術(shù)帶來的優(yōu)勢特征 22
第5章 LTE與WiMAX互相兼容的可能性探討 24
5.1 LTE與WiMAX的相似點 24
5.2 LTE與WiMAX的技術(shù)性區(qū)別 26
5.3 結(jié)論 27
第6章 4G的未來走向 28
6.1 4G的應(yīng)用案例 28
6.2未來WiMAX技術(shù)的應(yīng)用方向及發(fā)展趨勢 28
6.3 未來LTE技術(shù)走向 30
6.3.1 先進的多小區(qū)協(xié)調(diào) 30
6.3.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)能 30
6.3.3 更加智能化的頻譜利用方式 31
6.3.4 設(shè)備與設(shè)備間的直接通信方式可作為5G技術(shù) 31
第7章 結(jié)束語 32
致謝 33
參考文獻 35