摘  要

渦輪增壓器能在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排量不變的情況下，提高其動(dòng)力性能，降低尾氣排放，最初主要用于柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。最近，汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)也越來(lái)越多地安裝了渦輪增壓器。Turbo，即渦輪增壓，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)T，最早時(shí)候由瑞典的薩博（SAAB）汽車(chē)公司應(yīng)用于汽車(chē)領(lǐng)域?，F(xiàn)在很多人都知道了，渦輪增壓簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)TURBO，如果在轎車(chē)尾部看到TURBO或者T，即表明該車(chē)采用的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是渦輪增壓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。這些汽車(chē)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作，是靠燃料在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)氣缸內(nèi)燃燒作功，從而對(duì)外輸出功率。在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排量一定的情況下，若想提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的輸出功率，最有效的方法就是多提供燃料燃燒。然而，向氣缸內(nèi)多提供燃料容易做到，但要提供足夠量的空氣以支持燃料完全燃燒，靠傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)是很難完成的。
關(guān)鍵字：渦輪增壓；氣缸內(nèi)燃燒；燃料

 
Abstract

Turbochargers can improve engines’power performance and reduce exhaust emissions without changing their capacity.They were mainly used in diesel enginesfirstly .Turbo, namely the turbocharging, is called T, most early time (SAAB) the Car company applies by Sweden's Sabo in the automobile domain. Many people have known now, the turbocharging is called TURBO, if saw in the passenger vehicle rear part TURBO or T, namely indicated this vehicle uses the engine is the turbocharging engine. These automobile's engine work, is makes the merit depending on the fuel in the engine cylinder internal combustion, thus foreign output. In engine capacity certain situation, if wants to raise engine's output, the most effective method provides the fuel burning much. However, provides the fuel to the air cylinder in easily to do, but must provide the enough quantity the air to support the fuel to burn completely, is very difficult to complete depending on the traditional engine air intake system.
Key words: Turbo; Air cylinder internal combustion; Fuel

 
目錄
 
1.廢氣渦輪增壓概述 1
1.1廢氣渦輪增壓器的背景 1
1.2廢氣渦輪增壓器產(chǎn)業(yè)的技術(shù)發(fā)展 2
1.3廢氣渦輪增壓器原理 3
2廢氣渦輪增壓器壓氣機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 6
2.1 壓氣機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu) 6
2.1.1進(jìn)氣道 6
2.1.2壓氣機(jī)葉輪 6
2.1.3擴(kuò)壓器 7
2.1.4壓氣機(jī)蝸殼 7
2.2 壓氣機(jī)的主要工作參數(shù) 8
2.2.1設(shè)計(jì)的原始數(shù)據(jù) 8
2.3離心式壓氣機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.3.1進(jìn)氣道 9
2.3.2導(dǎo)風(fēng)輪的初步設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.3.3葉輪（工作輪）的初步設(shè)計(jì) 12
2.3.4擴(kuò)壓器的初步設(shè)計(jì) 15
2.3.5其他參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 16
2.3.6對(duì)初步設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行校核 16
3廢氣渦輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 18
3.1廢氣渦輪結(jié)構(gòu) 18
3.2工作輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 19
3.3相關(guān)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.3.1設(shè)計(jì)的原始數(shù)據(jù) 20
3.3.2廢氣在單級(jí)渦輪內(nèi)的膨脹過(guò)程及效率 20
4廢氣渦輪增壓器主軸軸承以及其它裝置的研究 24
4.1廢氣渦輪增壓器主軸 24
4.2廢氣渦輪增壓器主軸軸承 24
4.3廢氣渦輪增壓器主軸軸承的潤(rùn)滑和冷卻系統(tǒng) 25
4.4廢氣渦輪增壓器密封和隔熱系統(tǒng) 26
5 經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析 27
6.總結(jié) 28
致謝  29
參考文獻(xiàn) 30