論宋代司法中情、理、法的綜合運(yùn)用
2萬(wàn)字 24頁(yè)
包括開題報(bào)告，任務(wù)書，文獻(xiàn)綜述，論文


摘 要
中國(guó)的法律自古以來(lái)受到儒家思想的影響。直至宋代，儒家思想發(fā)展到一個(gè)新的高度。宋代司法過(guò)程中，特別是民事訴訟法方面，呈現(xiàn)出新的特點(diǎn)：司法官們巧妙地把情、理融入國(guó)法，運(yùn)用天理人情作為判案依據(jù)，以彌補(bǔ)和糾正法律的不足與偏差的做法，具有鮮明的中國(guó)特色。即使當(dāng)國(guó)法與情理一致時(shí)，法官也要把天理人情的內(nèi)容寫入判詞，與法律一并成為斷案依據(jù)；當(dāng)國(guó)法與情理相沖突時(shí)便屈法申情，以情理為先；當(dāng)法律無(wú)明文規(guī)定時(shí)，把情理作為法律原則性內(nèi)容加以確定，從而成為結(jié)案的主要依據(jù)。
情理入法的做法在宋代廣泛存在，不僅有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)案的公平與正義，而且通過(guò)司法官的活動(dòng)影響到整個(gè)社會(huì)法律秩序的建構(gòu)和維系，特別是司法的衡平活動(dòng)在很大程度上溝通了國(guó)家和社會(huì)的二元結(jié)構(gòu)，調(diào)節(jié)著法律條文與與社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活相脫節(jié)而造成的突出矛盾。同時(shí)，它也是司法官以司法手段執(zhí)行著法律化的社會(huì)道德和倫理價(jià)值的充分體現(xiàn)，在傳統(tǒng)的司法活動(dòng)中司法官們既堅(jiān)守著以儒家精神為代表的道德立場(chǎng)，又采取著相當(dāng)實(shí)際的態(tài)度。總的說(shuō)來(lái)，取情入理、衡平司法的做法使宋代司法更加融合，以達(dá)到統(tǒng)治者們所希望看到的止訟、息訟的結(jié)果。

關(guān)鍵詞：宋代司法，情，理，法，衡平



Chinese style equity
――The application of “human relationships”, “ethics” and “national law” in the Song dynasty justice
Abstract
Confucianism, which was later developed to a higher level in Song dynasty, had an impact on the Chinese laws since ancient times. Song justice revealed new features, especially in terms of civil procedure: judge in Song dynasty integrated the “human sentiment” and “ethics”, which served as standards for deciding a case and compensated for the deficiency on statutory law, into “national law” ingeniously. The practice in those cases is of Chinese characteristics. Even when the “national law” were consistent with the “human sentiment” and “ethics”, the judge were in favor of writing it formulary, which served as standards for deciding a case together with the law itself, into court decree. But when they conflicted with each other, the “human sentiment” and “ethics” were given preference. When no law expressly provided, the “human sentiment” and “ethics” as jurisdiction clauses content to be determined, thus becoming the main basis for deciding a case.
The combination of “human sentiment” and “ethics” and “national laws” were in existence extensively in Song dynasty, and this contributed not only the justice in individual cases but also the configuration and maintenance of social order, which was influenced by the law. However, the justice equity, to a large extent, offers communication in the Nation-Society dualistic structure and regulates the contradiction between legal provisions and social reality. Meanwhile, it is also the judge' implement of moral and ethical value with a form of law. In the traditional judicial activities, the judge not only sticks to the moral principles of Confucianism, but also takes a practical attitude. Overall, the approach of justice equity adopting human sentiment and ethics into laws in Song dynasty makes an integrated law system, which achieves the purpose of stopping suits by the ruling class.
Keywords : Song dynasties justice，Human sentiment，Ethics，National law，Equity




目 錄
摘 要……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
ABSTRCT……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
前 言………………………………………………………………………………………1
一、情、理、法的釋義………………………………………………………………2
二、宋代司法中情、理、法的綜合運(yùn)用 ………………………………………4
（一）執(zhí)法原情，法外特例 …………………………………………………………5
1．活賣拒贖案案情介紹 ……………………………………………………………………5
2．判詞中的情理觀 …………………………………………………………………………6
3．案件總結(jié) …………………………………………………………………………………5
（二）情理斷獄，情法兩平……………………………………………………………7
1．子婿爭(zhēng)遺產(chǎn)案案情介紹 …………………………………………………………………7
2．裁定中的司法技巧 ………………………………………………………………………8
3．案例所體現(xiàn)的衡平思想 …………………………………………………………………8
（三）人事定案，人情即法……………………………………………………………9
三、情、理、法的綜合運(yùn)用的原因………………………………………………11
（一）宋朝理學(xué)的影響…………………………………………………………………11
（二）宋朝國(guó)情決定獨(dú)特的適法模式………………………………………………12
（三）柔性措施緩和各種矛盾 ………………………………………………………13
四、情理入法的綜合評(píng)價(jià)……………………………………………………………14
（一）一種形而上的探求………………………………………………………………14
（二）法律兼顧情理可彌補(bǔ)立法缺陷………………………………………………15
（三）情理入法可能導(dǎo)致人情泛濫，不利于維護(hù)法律權(quán)威 …………………16
（四）情理中的倫常內(nèi)容應(yīng)摒棄 ……………………………………………………17
五、余論 …………………………………………………………………………………19
參考文獻(xiàn) …………………………………………………………………………………20
致 謝 …………………………………………………………………………………21



參考文獻(xiàn)
[13]羅文嵐．和諧社會(huì)中的情理法之辯[J].桂海論叢.2005,21（6）.
[14]趙曉耕、崔銳．情理法的平衡——“典主遷延入務(wù)”案的分析[J].中國(guó)審判新聞月刊．2006,10.
[15]陳景良.試論宋代士大夫的法律觀念[J].法學(xué)研究．1998,4.
[16]霍存福.情理法與中國(guó)人的法哲學(xué)思維[R].重慶：西南政法大學(xué)論文網(wǎng)，2006.
[17]陳重業(yè)主編.<折獄龜鑒補(bǔ)〉譯注[M].北京大學(xué)出版社,2006.
[18]周爾吉.歷朝折獄篡要[M].北京:中國(guó)書店,1999.
[19]賀衛(wèi)方.中國(guó)古代司法判決的風(fēng)格與精神[J].中國(guó)社會(huì)科會(huì)1990,6.
[20]陳新良.試論宋代士大夫的法律觀念[J].法學(xué)研究, 編輯部郵箱