電動(dòng)方向助力系統(tǒng)的力矩傳感器和角度傳感器的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）
摘 要

電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向--EPS（Electric Power Steering）系統(tǒng)是一類近些年出現(xiàn)的新型動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)。而轉(zhuǎn)向傳感器是汽車電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)( EPS 系統(tǒng)) 的關(guān)鍵部件之一,其輸出特性直接影響到EPS 系統(tǒng)的控制性能。本文根據(jù)EPS系統(tǒng)的工作原理和要求，詳細(xì)論述了一種基于巨磁電阻（GMR）的非接觸型復(fù)合式角度/轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器，給出該種類型傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu)和設(shè)計(jì)原理，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了初步測(cè)試。
GMR巨磁材料是一種新型的磁阻材料，它的靈敏度很高，溫度系數(shù)較小，易于集成。因而在傳感器領(lǐng)域具有很大的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。目前GMR巨磁材料已經(jīng)在一些傳感器技術(shù)領(lǐng)域取得了成功的應(yīng)用，比如：計(jì)算機(jī)用高密度磁頭，磁電阻隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器，磁場(chǎng)傳感器，電流傳感器，轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器等等。
本文首先介紹了電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向（EPS）系統(tǒng)及現(xiàn)階段國(guó)內(nèi)外在EPS系統(tǒng)中所采用的轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器種類，接著重點(diǎn)闡述了巨磁電阻（GMR）效應(yīng)的原理和應(yīng)用概況，并在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了一種基于巨磁電阻（GMR）的角度傳感器TLE5011的基本工作原理。本文的主要工作是根據(jù)角度傳感器TLE5011來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)一種非接觸型復(fù)合式角度和轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)。


關(guān)鍵詞：電動(dòng)助力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，巨磁電阻，角位移，角度傳感器，轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器

ABSTRACT

Electric Power Steering (EPS) system is a kind of new power steering system in recent years. And sensors is one of the key components as to automotive electric power steering (EPS) system. Its output characteristics will make a direct impact on the EPS control system performance. According to the EPS system works and demands, this paper make a detailed exposition on a type of non-contact compound angle / torque sensors, which is based on giant magnetoresistance (GMR), and give the structure and design principle and make a preliminary test.
GMR material is a new kind of magnetoresistance materials. It’s very valuable in sensor applications with its high sensitivity and good temperature property . Nowadays GMR material has been successfully used in some sensor applications like high resolution magnetic head used in computer, MRAM, magnetic sensors, current sensors, rotation speed sensors and so on.
At first this paper introduces electric power steering (EPS) system and torque sensors types used in EPS system at home and abroad. Then focus on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect and application of the principle, and on this basis, this paper gives the basic working principle of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor TLE5011. In this paper, the main work is to design a non-contact compound angle and torque sensors mechanical structure based on TLE5011.


Key words：Electric power steering system, giant magnetoresistance, the angular displacement, angle sensors, torque sensors

目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器在國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展情況 2
1.3 EPS轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 6
1.4 論文的主要內(nèi)容 7
2 巨磁電阻(GMR)型傳感器 8
2.1 磁電阻效應(yīng)綜述 8
2.1.1 磁電阻效應(yīng)(MR) 8
2.1.2 鐵磁金屬的各向異性磁電阻(AMR)效應(yīng) 9
2.1.3 巨磁電阻(GMR)效應(yīng) 9
2.1.4 巨磁電阻(GMR)效應(yīng)的應(yīng)用 10
2.2 GMR傳感器的研究進(jìn)展與應(yīng)用前景 12
2.2.1 GMR傳感器與傳統(tǒng)磁性傳感器的比較 13
2.2.2 GMR傳感器的研究進(jìn)展 13
2.2.3 GMR傳感器的應(yīng)用前景 14
3 基于GMR的角度傳感器TLE5011 15
3.1 TLE5011 說(shuō)明和特性 16
3.2 TLE5011 插腳配置外行圖 16
3.3 功能描述 16
3.4 TLE5011 結(jié)構(gòu)圖 17
3.5 巨磁電阻(GMR)功能 17
3.6 角度計(jì)算 19
4 GMR角度和轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和工作原理 21
4.1 傳感器的整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 21
4.2 傳感器中齒輪齒數(shù)的確定 22
4.3 傳感器的工作原理 23
4.4 GMR角度和轉(zhuǎn)矩傳感器的特性 27
4.4.2 非線性度 26
4.4.3 重復(fù)性 27
4.4.4 遲滯 27
4.4.5 精度 28
4.4.6 溫度特性 28
5 結(jié)論 29
致謝 30
參考文獻(xiàn) 31